Kooiman Cornelis G, van Rees Vellinga Sonja, Spinhoven Philip, Draijer Nel, Trijsburg Rutger W, Rooijmans Harry G M
Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Psychother Psychosom. 2004 Mar-Apr;73(2):107-16. doi: 10.1159/000075542.
Affect regulation is assumed to be a biologically based function that can become disrupted by inadequate parenting and by traumatic experiences. We studied the relation between the perceived parental parenting style, and sexual and physical abuse, with alexithymia, dissociation, anxiety and depression.
In a cross-sectional study psychiatric outpatients were administered a structured interview on childhood physical and sexual abuse and they completed a number of questionnaires about the parenting styles of their parents, and about alexithymia, dissociation and mood pathology.
Maternal and paternal parenting styles were moderately correlated with alexithymia and depression. The paternal parenting style was also correlated with dissociation. Optimal parenting of one of the parents had a buffering effect on the degree of alexithymia, but not on the severity of other forms of affect dysregulation. The effect of sexual or physical abuse did not add to that of parental parenting style in terms of predicting affect dysregulation. However, a positively perceived maternal parenting style was found to have a buffering effect in terms of the degree of alexithymia, if sexual abuse had also taken place.
Perceived parenting does appear to be of some significance in the development of alexithymia. Optimal parenting of one of the parents may protect against the development of alexithymia when the parenting of the other parent is perceived as non-optimal. However, it is likely that other factors besides parental care and sexual or physical abuse play an important role in the development of an adequate affect regulation.
情感调节被认为是一种基于生物学的功能，可能会因养育方式不当和创伤经历而受到干扰。我们研究了感知到的父母养育方式、性虐待和身体虐待与述情障碍、分离、焦虑和抑郁之间的关系。
在一项横断面研究中，对精神科门诊患者进行了关于童年期身体和性虐待的结构化访谈，并让他们完成了一些关于父母养育方式、述情障碍、分离和情绪病理学的问卷。
母亲和父亲的养育方式与述情障碍和抑郁呈中度相关。父亲的养育方式也与分离相关。父母一方的最佳养育方式对述情障碍程度有缓冲作用，但对其他形式情感调节障碍的严重程度没有缓冲作用。在预测情感调节障碍方面，性虐待或身体虐待的影响并未超过父母养育方式的影响。然而，如果也发生了性虐待，积极感知到的母亲养育方式在述情障碍程度方面具有缓冲作用。
感知到的养育方式在述情障碍的发展中似乎具有一定意义。当另一方父母的养育方式被认为不理想时，父母一方的最佳养育方式可能会防止述情障碍的发展。然而，除了父母关爱以及性虐待或身体虐待之外，其他因素可能在适当情感调节的发展中也起着重要作用。
