Wood William C
Department of Surgery, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Oncology (Williston Park). 2004 Jan;18(1):28-32; discussion 32-4, 39, 42.
Women with any family history of breast cancer assume a high probability of risk. Counseling women involves ascertainment of an accurate family history and use of the best predictive models to assess both the risk of a known mutation and the risk of breast cancer. This risk must then be considered in the contexts of both the women's lifetime and the next decade, in each instance carefully separating the risk of developing cancer from the risk of mortality. These two risks are often emotionally melded in women who have watched a loved one die of cancer. The options for a woman at significantly increased risk of breast cancer include optimal surveillance, chemoprevention, and prophylactic surgery. This entire field is in continuing evolution as better methods of diagnosis, screening, and chemoprevention continue to enter clinical practice.
有任何乳腺癌家族病史的女性被认为具有较高的风险概率。为女性提供咨询包括确定准确的家族病史，并使用最佳预测模型来评估已知突变的风险和患乳腺癌的风险。然后，必须在女性的一生以及未来十年的背景下考虑这种风险，在每种情况下都要仔细区分患癌风险和死亡风险。在目睹亲人死于癌症的女性中，这两种风险往往在情感上交织在一起。乳腺癌风险显著增加的女性的选择包括最佳监测、化学预防和预防性手术。随着更好的诊断、筛查和化学预防方法不断进入临床实践，整个领域仍在不断发展。
