Waddell Andrea E, Dhalla Irfan A, Kwong Jeff C, Baddour Ralph C, Streiner David L, Stewart Donna E, Johnson Ian L
University of Toronto.
J Am Med Womens Assoc (1972). 2004 Winter;59(1):25-9.
To compare male and female medical students by age, level of education before admission to medical school, race/ethnicity, parental education level, socioeconomic status, and attitudes toward public health care.
In 2001, we conducted an Internet-based survey of all students enrolled in the 16 medical schools across Canada. Based on the high response rate, first-year medical students at Canadian medical schools outside of Quebec were included in this analysis. The interactions between sex and age, years of premedical education, race/ethnicity, parental occupation, education and household income, impact of finances on choice of medical school, future specialty and practice location, attitudes toward private funding in the Canadian health care system were examined using descriptive statistics and chi2 tests.
There were no significant differences between male and female medical students in age, level of education before admission, and race/ethnicity. Female students' fathers (p=.046) and mothers (p=.061) were more likely to hold positions of higher occupational status than were those of male students. There was no significant difference between the parental household incomes of male and female students. Male students were more likely than female students to state that financial considerations would affect their choice of specialty (p=.002) and practice location (p=.002). Male students were more likely to express a positive attitude toward private funding in the health care system, both with respect to increasing the amount of private funding (p=.007) and the addition of private paying patients (p=.002).
Although women have almost reached equity with men in undergraduate medical education, female students are more likely than male students to have highly educated parents, suggesting that some barriers to access may still exist. The differences in attitudes of female and male medical students to finances and the public health care system become increasingly important as more women practice medicine. These sex differences need to be investigated further, as they could have implications for health policy.
比较男女医学生在年龄、进入医学院前的教育水平、种族/民族、父母教育水平、社会经济地位以及对公共医疗保健的态度等方面的差异。
2001年，我们对加拿大16所医学院校的所有在校学生进行了一项基于互联网的调查。基于高回复率，魁北克以外的加拿大医学院校的一年级医学生被纳入本分析。使用描述性统计和卡方检验研究性别与年龄、医学预科教育年限、种族/民族、父母职业、教育程度和家庭收入之间的相互作用，财务状况对医学院校选择、未来专业和执业地点的影响，以及对加拿大医疗保健系统中私人资金的态度。
男女医学生在年龄、入学前教育水平和种族/民族方面没有显著差异。与男学生的父母相比，女学生的父亲（p = 0.046）和母亲（p = 0.061）更有可能拥有较高的职业地位。男女学生的父母家庭收入没有显著差异。男学生比女学生更有可能表示财务因素会影响他们对专业的选择（p = 0.002）和执业地点的选择（p = 0.002）。男学生更有可能对医疗保健系统中的私人资金表达积极态度，无论是增加私人资金的数量（p = 0.007）还是增加自费患者（p = 0.002）。
尽管女性在本科医学教育中几乎已与男性实现平等，但女学生比男学生更有可能拥有受过高等教育的父母，这表明可能仍然存在一些入学障碍。随着越来越多的女性从事医学工作，男女医学生在财务和公共医疗保健系统态度上的差异变得越来越重要。这些性别差异需要进一步研究，因为它们可能对卫生政策产生影响。
