Warnell P
Axone. 1992 Sep;14(1):24-8.
It is well established that excessive sympathetic activity, resulting in the development of cardiopulmonary complications, commonly occurs in patients who have suffered aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. Cardiac dysfunction and neurogenic pulmonary edema are life threatening conditions that have serious implications with regard to patient outcome. The purpose of this article is to familiarize the neuroscience practitioner with the effects of subarachnoid haemorrhage on the heart and lungs and to provide an update in terms of current medical and nursing management trends. It is vital that these patients receive aggressive therapy including definitive surgical treatment of the aneurysm, vigilant monitoring for cardiopulmonary complications and prompt medical and nursing intervention should they occur. A brief review of the anatomy and physiology of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system will be presented. In addition, the theories that have been proposed to explain the underlying pathogenesis will be introduced. Medical and nursing management strategies will also be addressed.
众所周知，在患有动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血的患者中，常出现导致心肺并发症的过度交感神经活动。心脏功能障碍和神经源性肺水肿是危及生命的状况，对患者的预后有严重影响。本文旨在使神经科学从业者熟悉蛛网膜下腔出血对心脏和肺部的影响，并提供当前医疗和护理管理趋势的最新信息。至关重要的是，这些患者应接受积极治疗，包括对动脉瘤进行确定性手术治疗，对心肺并发症进行密切监测，一旦发生应立即进行医疗和护理干预。将简要介绍自主神经系统交感神经部分的解剖学和生理学。此外，还将介绍为解释潜在发病机制而提出的理论。还将探讨医疗和护理管理策略。
