Brodsky Michael C, Tusa Ronald J
Departments of Ophthalmology and Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA.
Arch Ophthalmol. 2004 Feb;122(2):202-9. doi: 10.1001/archopht.122.2.202.
Latent nystagmus is a horizontal binocular oscillation that is evoked by unequal visual input to the 2 eyes. It develops primarily in humans with congenital esotropia.
To investigate the interrelationship between latent and peripheral vestibular nystagmus and their corollary neuroanatomical pathways.
Examination of subcortical neuroanatomical pathways producing latent nystagmus and review of the neurophysiological mechanisms by which they become activated in congenital esotropia.
The vestibular nucleus presides over motion input from the eyes and labyrinths. Latent nystagmus corresponds to the optokinetic component of ocular rotation that is driven monocularly by nasal optic flow during a turning movement of the body in lateral-eyed animals. Congenital esotropia alters visual pathway development from the visual cortex to subcortical centers that project to the vestibular nucleus, allowing this primitive subcortical motion detection system to generate latent nystagmus under conditions of monocular fixation.
Latent nystagmus is the ocular counterpart of peripheral vestibular nystagmus. Its clinical expression in humans proclaims the evolutionary function of the eyes as sensory balance organs.
隐性眼球震颤是一种水平性双眼振荡，由两眼视觉输入不均衡所诱发。它主要在先天性内斜视患者中出现。
研究隐性眼球震颤与周围性前庭眼球震颤之间的相互关系及其相应的神经解剖通路。
检查产生隐性眼球震颤的皮质下神经解剖通路，并回顾在先天性内斜视中它们被激活的神经生理机制。
前庭核负责处理来自眼睛和内耳迷路的运动输入。隐性眼球震颤相当于在侧视动物身体转动时由鼻侧视觉流单眼驱动的眼球旋转的视动成分。先天性内斜视改变了从视觉皮层到投射至前庭核的皮质下中枢的视觉通路发育，使得这个原始的皮质下运动检测系统在单眼注视情况下产生隐性眼球震颤。
隐性眼球震颤是周围性前庭眼球震颤的眼部对应表现。其在人类中的临床表现揭示了眼睛作为感觉平衡器官的进化功能。
