de Montigny F
Can Nurse. 1992 Oct;88(9):43-6.
Last month, the author presented the first two steps necessary in the development of a nursing care plan. This care plan utilized Sister Callista Roy's conceptual model and was designed to evaluate the family system. The readers became familiar with the Joly family, whose family system was evaluated (this included Diane and Jessie). Analysis of the collected data identified two nursing diagnoses and the author explained the way that nursing diagnosis is derived. The first identified nursing diagnosis revealed a threat to the beneficiary, the second diagnosis revealed a threat to the family system. This second article is devoted to the three other steps involved in the development of a nursing care plan that will assist the nurse in developing a systematic strategy in caring for this type of family. The planning step consists of the identification of objectives for care. These objectives must be specific, measurable and realistic as well as able to answer the question: "What changes are intended for this family?" Suggestions are offered for objective development. Once the objectives are finalized, the nurse chooses pertinent and realistic interventions that permit her/him, as well as Diane, to attain the identified objectives. The nurse's interventions are centred around stimuli that are increased, decreased or maintained by the goal of modifying or reinforcing observed behaviors. In the care plan example developed for the Joly family, the identified interventions are not all inclusive and serve as suggestions. During the course of the interventions the nurse must constantly readjust and adapt the interventions to fit with changing needs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
上个月,作者介绍了制定护理计划所需的前两个步骤。该护理计划采用了卡利斯塔·罗伊修女的概念模型,旨在评估家庭系统。读者们熟悉了乔利一家,其家庭系统得到了评估(这包括黛安和杰西)。对收集到的数据进行分析后确定了两项护理诊断,作者解释了护理诊断的得出方式。第一个确定的护理诊断显示对受益者构成威胁,第二个诊断显示对家庭系统构成威胁。第二篇文章致力于护理计划制定过程中涉及的其他三个步骤,这将帮助护士制定出照顾这类家庭的系统策略。规划步骤包括确定护理目标。这些目标必须具体、可衡量、现实,并且能够回答“这个家庭预期会有哪些改变?”这个问题。文中还提供了目标制定的建议。一旦目标确定,护士就要选择相关且现实的干预措施,以便她/他以及黛安能够实现既定目标。护士的干预措施围绕通过改变或强化观察到的行为这一目标来增加、减少或维持的刺激因素展开。在为乔利一家制定的护理计划示例中,确定的干预措施并非涵盖所有方面,仅作为建议。在干预过程中,护士必须不断调整和适应干预措施,以满足不断变化的需求。(摘要截选至250词)