Havens P L, Dunne W M, Burd E M
Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
Microbiol Immunol. 1992;36(10):1077-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1992.tb02111.x.
Shiga toxin and the related Shiga-like toxins (SLT), produced by Escherichia coli, can cause hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Human intravenous immune globulin (HIVIg) blocks the cytotoxicity of some SLTs in vitro. To examine the ability of HIVIg to modify disease caused by Shiga-like toxin I or Shiga-like toxin II (SLT-I or SLT-II), we injected 3-day-old rabbits intraperitoneally with SLT-containing cell-free supernatants from Escherichia coli O157: H7. A subset of rabbits was treated with subcutaneous HIVIg. All rabbits given 10(4) CD50 of SLT-I developed severe diarrhea, and 5 died. When HIVIg 500 mg/kg was given in addition to SLT-I, only 6 of 18 rabbits (33.3%) developed diarrhea (P < 0.0001), and 1 died. HIVIg 500 mg/kg or 1,000 mg/kg protected against diarrhea when given one hour prior to toxin. HIVIg 1,000 mg/kg was protective when administered one hour after toxin, but not at 6 or 24 hr. Seventeen of 18 rabbits given 10(6) CD50 of SLT-II developed severe diarrhea, and 4 died. In contrast to SLT-I-associated disease, HIVIg had no effect on diarrhea in rabbits given SLT-II. We conclude that HIVIg protects infant rabbits from diarrhea and death caused by intraperitoneally administered SLT-I, but does not affect the course of SLT-II-associated illness.
志贺毒素及相关的志贺样毒素（SLT）由大肠杆菌产生，可引起出血性结肠炎和溶血尿毒综合征（HUS）。人静脉注射免疫球蛋白（HIVIg）在体外可阻断某些SLT的细胞毒性。为研究HIVIg改变由志贺样毒素I或志贺样毒素II（SLT-I或SLT-II）所致疾病的能力，我们给3日龄兔腹腔注射含来自大肠杆菌O157:H7的SLT的无细胞上清液。一部分兔皮下注射HIVIg进行治疗。所有给予10⁴CD50 SLT-I的兔均出现严重腹泻，5只死亡。当除给予SLT-I外还给予500mg/kg HIVIg时，18只兔中仅6只（33.3%）出现腹泻（P<0.0001），1只死亡。毒素注射前1小时给予500mg/kg或1000mg/kg HIVIg可预防腹泻。毒素注射后1小时给予1000mg/kg HIVIg有保护作用，但6小时或24小时给予则无保护作用。所有给予10⁶CD50 SLT-II的18只兔中有17只出现严重腹泻，4只死亡。与SLT-I相关疾病不同，HIVIg对给予SLT-II的兔的腹泻无影响。我们得出结论，HIVIg可保护幼兔免受腹腔注射SLT-I所致腹泻和死亡，但不影响SLT-II相关疾病的病程。
