Adam J J, van Veggel L M
Dept. of Movement Sciences, University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 1992 Nov;81(2):97-114. doi: 10.1016/0001-6918(92)90001-t.
Spatial precuing tasks have yielded a consistent pattern of differential reaction time benefits. Specifically, precuing of two fingers on the same hand has been shown to result in faster discrete finger responses than precuing of two fingers on different hands. This phenomenon is called the hand advantage. Within the context of the spatial precuing task originally developed by Miller (1982), a series of four experiments investigated the influences of two procedural variables on the hand advantage: preparation instruction and presentation mode of preparation intervals. Two preparation instruction conditions were compared: implicit versus explicit instructions regarding preparation possibilities. Also, two presentation modes of preparation intervals were studied: a random condition, in which the preparation intervals varied randomly, and a blocked condition, in which the preparation intervals were grouped together in blocks of trials. Results showed that these two procedural variables, when manipulated independently, did not affect the hand advantage. However, when combined, they significantly reduced the hand advantage by half. Moreover, both procedural variables were shown to produce a precuing benefit for two homologous fingers on different hands. We concluded that, in spatial precuing tasks, procedural variables play an important role by inducing preparation strategies, which affect the pattern of reaction time benefits.
空间线索化任务产生了一致的反应时间差异模式。具体而言，对同一只手上的两个手指进行线索化已被证明比不同手上的两个手指的线索化能产生更快的离散手指反应。这种现象被称为手优势。在米勒（1982年）最初开发的空间线索化任务的背景下，一系列四个实验研究了两个程序变量对手优势的影响：准备指令和准备间隔的呈现模式。比较了两种准备指令条件：关于准备可能性的隐性指令与显性指令。此外，研究了准备间隔的两种呈现模式：一种随机条件，其中准备间隔随机变化；一种分组条件，其中准备间隔在试验组中分组在一起。结果表明，这两个程序变量单独操纵时，不会影响手优势。然而，当两者结合时，它们显著地将手优势降低了一半。此外，两个程序变量都被证明对不同手上的两个同源手指产生线索化益处。我们得出结论，在空间线索化任务中，程序变量通过诱导准备策略发挥重要作用，而准备策略会影响反应时间益处的模式。
