Coni E, Baldini M, Stacchini P, Zanasi F
Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy.
J Trace Elem Electrolytes Health Dis. 1992 Sep;6(3):175-81.
Data on Cd sources in food are presented and the effects are discussed of the raised environmental level of Cd concentration in some foods. Information is also presented on normal dietary intakes of this element and how these intakes may be increased by environmental pollution or atypical dietary habits. With reference to the exposure risk, the FAO/WHO has established for adults a Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) limit of 7 micrograms/kg B.W.. Therefore the evaluation of dietary Cd intake has become very important. The purpose of this work is the estimation of dietary intakes of Cd using data on the composition of an average Italian diet. Complete meals from a factory canteen were analyzed and calculations of weekly intake of Cd carried out. Mean dietary intake was 222 micrograms per week (range 137-326 micrograms per week) or 32 micrograms per day (range 19-46 micrograms per day), with the median intake being 198 micrograms per week or 28 micrograms per day. Analyses were performed by means of Zeeman Electrothermal Atomization Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (ETA-AAS). The results obtained, related to the average and representative food consumption of Italian people, show that the weekly intake is well within the PTWI, but the emission of Cd into the environment is continuing and attention must be paid to population groups at risk due to particular food habits.
本文介绍了食物中镉的来源数据，并讨论了某些食物中镉浓度升高对环境的影响。还介绍了该元素的正常膳食摄入量，以及环境污染或非典型饮食习惯如何增加这些摄入量。关于暴露风险，粮农组织/世界卫生组织为成年人设定了每周暂定耐受摄入量（PTWI）限值，即每千克体重7微克。因此，评估膳食镉摄入量变得非常重要。这项工作的目的是利用意大利平均饮食组成数据估算镉的膳食摄入量。对一家工厂食堂的完整餐食进行了分析，并计算了镉的每周摄入量。平均膳食摄入量为每周222微克（范围为每周137 - 326微克）或每天32微克（范围为每天19 - 46微克），中位数摄入量为每周198微克或每天28微克。分析采用塞曼电热原子化原子吸收光谱法（ETA - AAS）进行。所得结果与意大利人平均且具有代表性的食物消费量相关，表明每周摄入量远低于PTWI，但镉向环境中的排放仍在持续，必须关注因特殊饮食习惯而面临风险的人群。
