Koyama S, Nageishi Y, Shimokochi M
Department of Behavioral Physiology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Osaka University.
Brain Lang. 1992 Nov;43(4):668-81. doi: 10.1016/0093-934x(92)90089-w.
Two experiments investigated the modulation of event-related brain potentials (ERPs) by semantic context. A prime-target pair was visually presented in each trial of a lexical decision task. For word targets, three types of relatedness conditions were employed: (1) Related word condition (e.g., school-teacher); (2) Neutral word condition (e.g., [symbol: see text] - number); (3) Unrelated word c((e.g., hospital-potato). In Experiment 1, the reaction time for unrelated targets was longer than that for neutral targets (inhibition effect) which was longer than that for related targets (facilitation effect). The N400 amplitude in the unrelated targets was larger compared to those in the related and neutral targets, which did not differ. In Experiment 2, where only the facilitation effect was obtained, the N400 amplitude did not differ among conditions.
两项实验研究了语义语境对事件相关脑电位（ERP）的调节作用。在词汇判断任务的每次试验中，视觉呈现一个启动-目标对。对于单词目标，采用了三种类型的相关性条件：（1）相关词条件（例如，学校-教师）；（2）中性词条件（例如，[符号：见文本]-数字）；（3）不相关词条件（例如，医院-土豆）。在实验1中，不相关目标的反应时比中性目标的反应时长（抑制效应），而中性目标的反应时又比相关目标的反应时长（促进效应）。与相关和中性目标相比，不相关目标的N400波幅更大，而相关和中性目标的N400波幅没有差异。在仅获得促进效应的实验2中，各条件下的N400波幅没有差异。
