The family physician's role in caring for the dying patient and family: a comprehensive theoretical model.

Care for the dying patient is a difficult task which arouses many emotions in all participants. Many physicians feel inadequately prepared to cope with the many diverse challenges. A three-dimensional model is described which intends to help physicians better define their role in caring for dying patients. The model comprises direct involvement with the dying patients and their families, the physician's own needs and personal development and the co-operation with other care-givers. This model can be implemented at three levels, according to the physician's experience, skills, feelings, and the situation. The model can serve as a basis for extensive research and as a foundation for curricular innovation for students, residents and continuing medical education.