Engsberg J R, Clynch G S, Lee A G, Allan J S, Harder J A
Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Canada.
Prosthet Orthot Int. 1992 Dec;16(3):183-8. doi: 10.3109/03093649209164338.
The purpose of this investigation was to develop a numerical method for fabricating prosthetic sockets for below-knee amputees. An optical/laser digitiser scans an amputee's stump and collects three dimensional numerical data describing the surface of the limb and describing specific modification site locations. The numerical data from the laser camera representing the stump and modification sites are altered by the prosthetist using a custom computer aided design software system running on a personal computer. Using the altered numerical data a programme is created for a high resolution numerically controlled milling machine and a mould is made. The prosthetist then fabricates a socket. While the system has been tested with below-knee amputees it has been designed for application in most areas of prosthetics and orthotics. Utilising this method 15 patients were fitted. All patients subjectively stated that their "computer designed" socket fitted better than their conventionally made socket. As the research progressed and experience was gained with the system patients were normally fitted with the first socket iteration. The system overcomes five limitations existing with some of the other numerical systems: 1) accurate high resolution surface topography, 2) specific identification of subject modification sites, 3) flexible, user friendly software, 4) high resolution numerically controlled milling, and 5) integrated expansion to other prosthetic and orthotic areas.
本研究的目的是开发一种为膝下截肢者制造假肢接受腔的数值方法。光学/激光数字化仪扫描截肢者的残肢，并收集描述肢体表面和特定修改部位位置的三维数值数据。代表残肢和修改部位的激光相机的数值数据由假肢师使用在个人计算机上运行的定制计算机辅助设计软件系统进行修改。利用修改后的数值数据为高分辨率数控铣床创建一个程序，并制作一个模具。然后假肢师制造一个接受腔。虽然该系统已在膝下截肢者身上进行了测试，但它的设计目的是应用于假肢和矫形器的大多数领域。利用这种方法为15名患者安装了假肢。所有患者主观表示，他们的“计算机设计”接受腔比传统制作的接受腔更贴合。随着研究的进展以及对该系统经验的积累，患者通常使用第一次迭代的接受腔就能完成安装。该系统克服了其他一些数值系统存在的五个局限性：1）精确的高分辨率表面形貌，2）特定识别受试者的修改部位，3）灵活、用户友好的软件，4）高分辨率数控铣削，以及5）向其他假肢和矫形器领域的集成扩展。
