Schmidt D
Institut für Pathologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel.
Radiologe. 1992 Dec;32(12):579-83.
Soft tissue sarcomas are rare and can cause considerable difficulty in diagnosis and differential diagnosis as well as in estimation of the prognosis. These problems are due in part to the wide histological diversity, which is a consequence of intratumoral heterogeneity. The best known example of a very heterogeneous soft tissue tumor is malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH). Regular application of ancillary techniques, including electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry, has made it possible to reduce the number of unclassified cases from more than 10% to about 5%. Further progress in this direction is to be expected from cytogenetic studies, since for some of the tumor types characteristic chromosomal abnormalities have been established. Prognosis has been related to the grade of malignancy, but recent studies show that in many soft tissue sarcomas it will also be possible to correlate prognosis with DNA ploidy. By contrast, overexpression of the multidrug resistance gene mdr-1 does not seem to play an essential role in soft tissue sarcomas.
软组织肉瘤较为罕见，在诊断、鉴别诊断以及预后评估方面会造成相当大的困难。这些问题部分归因于广泛的组织学多样性，而这是肿瘤内异质性的结果。恶性纤维组织细胞瘤（MFH）是一种非常异质性软组织肿瘤的最著名例子。包括电子显微镜和免疫组织化学在内的辅助技术的常规应用，已使未分类病例的数量从超过10%减少至约5%。预计细胞遗传学研究将在这方面取得进一步进展，因为已确定了某些肿瘤类型的特征性染色体异常。预后与恶性程度相关，但最近的研究表明，在许多软组织肉瘤中，也有可能将预后与DNA倍性相关联。相比之下，多药耐药基因mdr-1的过表达似乎在软组织肉瘤中并不起关键作用。
