Wouterlood D, Boselie F
Nijmegen Institute for Cognition and Information, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Psychol Res. 1992;54(4):267-77. doi: 10.1007/BF01358264.
Occlusion phenomena raise two questions: (1) When will an occluding and a partly occluded object be seen, as opposed to several nonoverlapping objects? (2) What is seen behind the occluding object? Available theories give no satisfactory description of occlusion data. In our view, this situation is at least partially due to the fact that patterns used in occlusion studies are always regular, whereas it is almost unknown which regularities are actually perceived in occlusion patterns. We have therefore collected a complete set of data for a restricted domain of patterns with minimal regularity. Starting from these data, we have developed a model of the perceptual organization of this class of patterns and tested it in a second experiment. The model is a specification of the Gestalt law of good continuation. It assumes that there is a tendency to describe a pattern by the smallest possible number of contour elements and with the smallest possible changes of direction within and between necessary contour elements. The results fit in well with the predictions of the model. It is further demonstrated that the model also describes the preferred interpretations of many regular patterns, published in other studies.
（1）与几个不重叠的物体相比，何时会看到一个被遮挡和部分被遮挡的物体？（2）在被遮挡物体后面能看到什么？现有的理论对遮挡数据没有给出令人满意的描述。在我们看来，这种情况至少部分是由于以下事实：遮挡研究中使用的模式总是规则的，而实际上在遮挡模式中哪些规则性被感知到却几乎无人知晓。因此，我们针对具有最小规则性的受限模式领域收集了一整套数据。从这些数据出发，我们开发了这类模式的知觉组织模型，并在第二个实验中对其进行了测试。该模型是格式塔良好连续律的一种具体形式。它假定有一种倾向，即通过尽可能少的轮廓元素来描述一个模式，并且在必要的轮廓元素内部和之间，方向的变化要尽可能小。结果与模型的预测非常吻合。进一步证明，该模型也描述了其他研究中发表的许多规则模式的首选解释。
