Cohen Alex S, Docherty Nancy M, Nienow Tasha, Dinzeo Thomas
Department of Psychology, Kent State University, 118 Kent Hall, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
Psychiatry. 2003 Winter;66(4):308-16. doi: 10.1521/psyc.66.4.308.25440.
GENERALLY speaking, schizophrenia is not associated with diminished positive and negative emotions. Even patients with negative symptoms such as blunted affect have generally not differed in their levels of self-reported emotionality compared to patients without negative symptoms. However, there is evidence to suggest that a subgroup of patients with negative symptoms, those with the deficit syndrome, have a diminished capacity to experience positive and negative emotions. The present study examined whether ratings of the deficit and negative syndrome were associated with lower levels of self-reported stress during a laboratory-based, emotion-induction manipulation. Thirty-six participants with schizophrenia were asked to produce separate affectively positive and affectively negative narratives. Immediately following each narrative, participants were asked to report the level of stress they had experienced while recounting their memories. The deficit syndrome ratings, analyzed in a continuous and a categorical manner, were associated with lower levels of self-reported stress in the affectively negative condition. Moreover, the deficit and negative syndrome ratings significantly differed in their associations to levels of self-reported stress during both tasks, supporting the notion that there are appreciable differences between the two syndromes. Given that stress has been an essential component in conceptualizations of schizophrenia onset and relapse, the possibility of stress-resistant properties associated with the deficit syndrome should be tested in future research.
一般来说，精神分裂症与积极和消极情绪的减弱并无关联。即便存在情感迟钝等阴性症状的患者，与无阴性症状的患者相比，其自我报告的情绪水平总体上也并无差异。然而，有证据表明，阴性症状患者中的一个亚组，即患有缺陷综合征的患者，体验积极和消极情绪的能力有所减弱。本研究考察了在基于实验室的情绪诱导操作过程中，缺陷和阴性综合征的评分是否与较低的自我报告压力水平相关。36名精神分裂症患者被要求分别撰写情感积极和情感消极的叙述。在每段叙述之后，参与者被要求报告他们在讲述记忆时所经历的压力水平。以连续和分类方式分析的缺陷综合征评分，与情感消极状态下较低的自我报告压力水平相关。此外，在两项任务中，缺陷和阴性综合征评分与自我报告压力水平的关联存在显著差异，这支持了两种综合征之间存在明显差异的观点。鉴于压力一直是精神分裂症发病和复发概念中的一个重要组成部分，与缺陷综合征相关的抗压力特性的可能性应在未来研究中进行检验。
