Maitland N J, Stanbridge L J, Dussupt V
YCR Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology (Area 13), University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
Curr Pharm Des. 2004;10(5):531-55. doi: 10.2174/1381612043453252.
Gene therapy is rapidly emerging as a viable clinical strategy to treat prostate cancer. New developments, such as targeted expression of therapeutic genes, and viruses that are designed to selectively replicate in prostate cancer cells have led to vectors with improved safety, even in elderly male patients. This review describes the various different viral and non-viral strategies employed to date, with a summary of current clinical trials. The main focus of the review is a discussion of the need, and the potential methods that can be used for targeted expression of the therapeutic gene specifically to prostate tumours and metastases. This includes methods of abrogating vector transduction of non-specific tissues, enhancement of transduction into prostate tumour tissue, transcriptional control of the therapeutic gene and some examples of prostate cancer-specific therapeutic genes. We also consider the future of prostate cancer gene therapy and the factors that should be taken into account when designing clinical trials, in a field that is expected to impact on clinical management of a common tumour type.
基因治疗正迅速成为一种治疗前列腺癌的可行临床策略。新的进展，如治疗性基因的靶向表达，以及设计用于在前列腺癌细胞中选择性复制的病毒，已产生了安全性更高的载体，即使对于老年男性患者也是如此。本文综述了迄今为止所采用的各种不同的病毒和非病毒策略，并总结了当前的临床试验情况。综述的主要重点是讨论将治疗性基因特异性靶向表达于前列腺肿瘤和转移灶的必要性以及可能的方法。这包括消除非特异性组织的载体转导、增强转导至前列腺肿瘤组织、治疗性基因的转录控制以及一些前列腺癌特异性治疗基因的实例。我们还探讨了前列腺癌基因治疗的未来，以及在这个有望影响常见肿瘤类型临床管理的领域设计临床试验时应考虑的因素。
