Sun Qing-Yuan, Nagai Takashi
Developmental Biology Department, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan.
J Reprod Dev. 2003 Oct;49(5):347-59. doi: 10.1262/jrd.49.347.
Since the pig is not only an important farm animal, but also a model animal for biomedical applications, the development of reproductive technologies in this species has been very important. In vitro oocyte maturation and fertilization (IVM-IVF) are basic techniques for a number of oocyte- or embryo-related technologies. The practical aspects for pig oocyte IVM-IVF have been reviewed, while the molecular mechanisms underlying oocyte meiotic maturation and fertilization have not been well summarized, although accumulating data have been obtained in recent one decade. This review will focus on what is known about the molecular mechanisms of porcine oocyte maturation and fertilization such as first meiosis resumption, meiotic spindle assembly, second meiosis metaphase (MII) arrest during oocyte maturation, sperm-egg recognition and fusion, sperm acrosome reaction, second meiosis resumption, sperm chromatin decondensation, and pronucleus formation during fertilization, as well as the establishment of polyspermy block.
由于猪不仅是一种重要的家畜，也是生物医学应用中的模式动物，因此该物种生殖技术的发展一直非常重要。体外卵母细胞成熟和受精（IVM-IVF）是许多与卵母细胞或胚胎相关技术的基础技术。虽然猪卵母细胞IVM-IVF的实际应用方面已有综述，但卵母细胞减数分裂成熟和受精的分子机制尚未得到很好的总结，尽管在最近十年中已经积累了大量数据。本综述将聚焦于猪卵母细胞成熟和受精的分子机制，如第一次减数分裂恢复、减数分裂纺锤体组装、卵母细胞成熟过程中的第二次减数分裂中期（MII）阻滞、精卵识别与融合、精子顶体反应、第二次减数分裂恢复、精子染色质解聚以及受精过程中的原核形成，以及多精受精阻断的建立。
