Cooper Glinda S, Longnecker Matthew P, Peters Ruth K
Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC 27709, USA.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2004 Jan;13(1):35-9. doi: 10.1002/pds.824.
Experimental studies in rodents demonstrated the carcinogenic potential of phenolphthalein, the active ingredient in some laxatives, administered at doses similar to the dose that could be used by humans. Ovarian cancer was one of the cancers observed in these studies. We examined the association between epithelial ovarian cancer and use of phenolphthalein-containing laxatives in a population-based case-control study.
The study includes 356 epithelial ovarian cancer cases (256 invasive, 100 borderline) and 424 controls. Cases were identified through a population-based registry in Los Angeles County in 1992-1998, and controls were matched to cases by age, race/ethnicity and neighborhood. Data on laxative use (specific brands, frequency of use, usual dose) were obtained by structured in-person interview.
Compared to women who never used a laxative, ever use of a phenolphthalein-containing laxative was not associated with an increased risk of invasive ovarian cancer (odds ratio (OR) 1.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75, 1.5) or of borderline ovarian cancer (OR 0.75, 95%CI 0.37, 1.5). Total days used, mean number of pills per day and cumulative dose were also unrelated to risk.
This study provides some assurance that phenolphthalein-containing laxatives do not increase the risk of ovarian cancer in humans. These findings are of particular importance to those countries in which phenolphthalein is still used in over-the-counter medications.
对啮齿动物进行的实验研究表明，某些泻药中的活性成分酚酞在使用与人类可能使用剂量相似的情况下具有致癌潜力。卵巢癌是这些研究中观察到的癌症之一。我们在一项基于人群的病例对照研究中，调查了上皮性卵巢癌与使用含酚酞泻药之间的关联。
该研究纳入了356例上皮性卵巢癌病例（256例浸润性、100例交界性）和424例对照。病例通过1992 - 1998年洛杉矶县基于人群的登记系统确定，对照按年龄、种族/民族和邻里与病例进行匹配。通过结构化的面对面访谈获取泻药使用情况（具体品牌、使用频率、常用剂量）的数据。
与从未使用过泻药的女性相比，曾经使用含酚酞泻药与浸润性卵巢癌风险增加无关（优势比（OR）为1.1，95%置信区间（CI）为0.75，1.5），与交界性卵巢癌风险增加也无关（OR为0.75，95%CI为0.37，1.5）。使用的总天数、每天平均药丸数和累积剂量也与风险无关。
本研究提供了一些证据，表明含酚酞泻药不会增加人类患卵巢癌的风险。这些发现对于那些仍在非处方药中使用酚酞的国家尤为重要。
