Méndez-Hernández Pablo, Valdez-Santiago Rosario, Viniegra-Velázquez Leonardo, Rivera-Rivera Leonor, Salmerón-Castro Jorge
Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Boulevard Emilio Sánchez Piedras s/n, Colonia Centro, Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México.
Salud Publica Mex. 2003 Nov-Dec;45(6):472-82.
To asses the affective, cognitive, and behavioral attitudes of healthcare providers at the Mexican Institute of Social Security (MISS) in Morelos, Mexico; to identify the institutional and medical practice barriers that hinder screening and reference of battered women.
A cross-sectional study was conducted between September and December 1999. A self-administered questionnaire was applied to 269 general practitioners, specialists, and pre- and postdoctoral students working in 30 primary and secondary level of healthcare units in Morelos State. The data collection instrument was designed to assess healthcare providers' knowledge of and attitudes towards domestic violence during medical office visits. A knowledge index was constructed and analyzed using multivariate regression methods.
Ninety percent of healthcare providers had never received training on violence against women. Healthcare providers' affective and cognitive attitudes after receiving training on the subject matter were more favorable compared to those with no training. Favorable attitudes were directly related to the number of training sessions. Most participants (63%) showed a moderate degree of knowledge on the subject, whereas 21% were slightly knowledgeable and 16% were highly knowledgeable. Medical personnel with a moderate or high level of knowledge were 2.1 and 6 times more likely, respectively, to have favorable attitudes than those with a low degree of knowledge. Female physicians showed more favorable attitudes towards identifying and referring battered women. Medical personnel interested in further training on the subject of violence against women were 7.6 times more likely to show favorable attitudes than personnel not interested on the subject.
Healthcare providers were not sufficiently able to assess and manage battered women. General and family practitioners were more interested in being trained, as compared with specialist physicians. Training on violence against women should be included in graduate medical, nursing, social service, psychology, and other public health areas. The English version of this paper is available at:http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html.
评估墨西哥莫雷洛斯州墨西哥社会保障局（MISS）医疗服务提供者的情感、认知和行为态度；识别阻碍对受虐妇女进行筛查和转诊的机构及医疗实践障碍。
1999年9月至12月进行了一项横断面研究。对在莫雷洛斯州30个初级和二级医疗保健单位工作的269名全科医生、专科医生以及博士前和博士后学生进行了自填式问卷调查。数据收集工具旨在评估医疗服务提供者在医疗问诊期间对家庭暴力的了解和态度。构建了一个知识指数，并使用多元回归方法进行分析。
90%的医疗服务提供者从未接受过针对妇女暴力问题的培训。接受过该主题培训的医疗服务提供者在情感和认知态度上比未接受培训者更积极。积极态度与培训课程数量直接相关。大多数参与者（63%）对该主题有中等程度的了解，而21%了解较少，16%了解较多。知识水平中等或较高的医务人员持有积极态度的可能性分别是知识水平低者的2.1倍和6倍。女医生对识别和转诊受虐妇女表现出更积极态度。对针对妇女暴力问题有进一步培训意愿的医务人员持有积极态度的可能性是对此不感兴趣者的7.6倍。
医疗服务提供者在评估和处理受虐妇女方面能力不足。与专科医生相比，全科医生和家庭医生对接受培训更感兴趣。针对妇女暴力问题的培训应纳入医学、护理、社会服务、心理学及其他公共卫生领域的研究生教育中。本文的英文版本可在以下网址获取：http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html 。
