Kim Dong-Soon, Lee Joon-Ho
Horticultural Environment Division, National Horticultural Research Institute, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 440-310, Korea.
Exp Appl Acarol. 2003;31(3-4):191-208. doi: 10.1023/b:appa.0000010385.00864.28.
The phenology of overwintered Tetranychus urticae was studied on the ground cover in apple orchards in the early season, and an oviposition model of overwintered adults was developed. The movement of overwintered adults from trees to ground cover started from mid-March and continued until mid-April. One life cycle from eggs to new adults (the 1st generation adults) on the ground cover was from late March to early May. The longevity and fecundity of overwintered T. urticae were affected largely by temperature. The longevity ranged from 46.6 days at 10 degrees C to 6.5 days at 35 degrees C. The total fecundity was minimum (0.2 eggs) at 10 degrees C and maximum (45.5 eggs) at 25 degrees C. The relationship between total fecundity and temperature was described well by a nonlinear equation. The cumulative age-specific oviposition rate was described well by the two-parameter Weibull function. The overall adult survival exhibited a reverse logistic curve. Three temperature-dependent components, age-specific cumulative oviposition rate, temperature-dependent total fecundity and age-specific survival rate functions, were incorporated into an oviposition model. The oviposition model simulation described the occurrence pattern of eggs laid by overwintered T. urticae on the ground cover in apple orchards relatively well.
在早春时节，对苹果园地面覆盖物上越冬的二斑叶螨物候进行了研究，并建立了越冬成虫的产卵模型。越冬成虫从树上转移到地面覆盖物上的活动始于3月中旬，一直持续到4月中旬。在地面覆盖物上，从卵到新成虫（第一代成虫）的一个生命周期是从3月下旬到5月初。越冬二斑叶螨的寿命和繁殖力在很大程度上受温度影响。寿命在10℃时为46.6天，在35℃时为6.5天。总繁殖力在10℃时最低（0.2粒卵），在25℃时最高（45.5粒卵）。总繁殖力与温度之间的关系可用非线性方程很好地描述。累积特定年龄产卵率可用双参数威布尔函数很好地描述。成虫总体存活率呈现出反向逻辑曲线。将三个温度依赖成分，即特定年龄累积产卵率、温度依赖总繁殖力和特定年龄存活率函数，纳入产卵模型。该产卵模型模拟较好地描述了苹果园地面覆盖物上越冬二斑叶螨产卵的发生模式。
