Bughrara Suleiman S, Smitley David R, Cappaert David, Kravchenko A N
Department of Crop and Soil Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2003 Dec;96(6):1898-904. doi: 10.1093/jee/96.6.1898.
Three cultivars of tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreb., were compared with three cultivars each of fine fescue (Festuca spp.), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) to evaluate tolerance to root-feeding by European chafer grubs, Rhizotrogus majalis (Razoumowsky). Potted turfgrasses were infested with initial densities equivalent to 33 or 66 grubs per 0.1 m2 on 19 August 2000. More grubs were added in late September and October, bringing the total to 66 or 143 grubs per 0.1 m2. Plant growth, root loss, weight gain, and survival of grubs were measured. The experiment was repeated in fall of 2001 with an initial density of 66 grubs per 0.1 m2. The proportion of root mass lost as a result of grub feeding was a function of turf species, root growth, grub survival, and grub growth during the test. Grubs gained the most weight and consumed the most roots when feeding on fine fescue. Fine fescue suffered the greatest percentage of root loss in 2000, despite having the most rapid root growth and largest mass in control pots. Cultivars of tall fescue appeared to be the most tolerant of grub feeding, having the smallest reduction in root mass in both years. Data from fine fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, and perennial ryegrass cultivars were not as consistent as tall fescue, because for some cultivars root growth and grub survival were different between years. We also found that grubs increased in mass by 20% when the mass of available roots was doubled.
将高羊茅（Festuca arundinacea Schreb.）的三个栽培品种与细羊茅（Festuca spp.）、草地早熟禾（Poa pratensis L.）和多年生黑麦草（Lolium perenne L.）的各三个栽培品种进行比较，以评估其对欧洲金龟子幼虫（Rhizotrogus majalis (Razoumowsky)）根部取食的耐受性。2000年8月19日，在盆栽草坪草中接入初始密度相当于每0.1平方米33头或66头幼虫。9月下旬和10月又添加了更多幼虫，使每0.1平方米的幼虫总数达到66头或143头。测量了植株生长、根系损失、幼虫体重增加和存活情况。2001年秋季重复该实验，初始密度为每0.1平方米66头幼虫。由于幼虫取食导致的根系质量损失比例是草坪草种类、根系生长、幼虫存活以及测试期间幼虫生长的函数。幼虫取食细羊茅时体重增加最多且消耗的根系最多。尽管在对照盆中细羊茅根系生长最快且质量最大，但在2000年其根系损失的百分比最大。高羊茅栽培品种似乎对幼虫取食耐受性最强，在两年中根系质量减少最少。细羊茅、草地早熟禾和多年生黑麦草栽培品种的数据不如高羊茅一致，因为对于一些品种，不同年份的根系生长和幼虫存活情况有所不同。我们还发现，当可利用根系质量翻倍时，幼虫体重增加了20%。
