Taylor K J, Merritt C R, Hammers L, Pellerito J S, Case C
Clin Diagn Ultrasound. 1992;27:195-223.
The addition of pulsed and color Doppler has greatly added to the diagnostic potential for obstetric and gynecologic ultrasound. In addition to improved morphologic detail inherent in the use of EVUS, new information is available on perfusion and the physiologic changes associated with the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy. The absence of luteal flow strongly predicts unsuccessful pregnancy outcome in patients undergoing therapy for infertility. This introduces the possibility of more economic use of expensive treatments. Later in pregnancy, DCI aids in the efficient and accurate performance of Doppler spectral sampling and contributes to the evaluation of structural and functional abnormalities of the fetus, umbilical cord, and placenta. Applications in the evaluation of patients with suspected ectopic pregnancy, incomplete abortion, and pseudosac are welcome additions for clinical problems that currently result in many malpractice suits. Finally, the recognition of neovascular flow, especially in the ovary, raises hope for improved and earlier diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
脉冲多普勒和彩色多普勒的加入极大地增加了妇产科超声的诊断潜力。除了增强型经阴道超声（EVUS）使用中固有的形态学细节改善外，还可获得有关灌注以及与月经周期和早期妊娠相关的生理变化的新信息。黄体血流缺失强烈预示着接受不孕症治疗的患者妊娠结局不佳。这为更经济地使用昂贵治疗方法带来了可能性。在妊娠后期，动态对比增强成像（DCI）有助于高效、准确地进行多普勒频谱采样，并有助于评估胎儿、脐带和胎盘的结构及功能异常。对于目前导致许多医疗事故诉讼的临床问题，应用于疑似异位妊娠、不完全流产和假孕囊患者的评估是受欢迎的补充。最后，对新生血管血流的识别，尤其是在卵巢中的识别，为改善卵巢癌的早期诊断带来了希望。
