Toteja G S, Singh Padam, Dhillon B S, Saxena B N
Central Co-ordinating Unit, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Pediatr. 2004 Jan;71(1):25-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02725651.
A multicentre study to assess iodine deficiency disorders (goitre and deaf-mutism/cretinism) in 1, 45, 264 children (6 - <12 years old) from 15 districts of ten states was carried out during 1997-2000. Urinary iodine excretion was also determined in 27481 children, while iodine content was estimated in 5881 samples of edible salt. The sampling methodology followed was a "30 cluster survey".
The overall prevalence of goitre was 4.78% (4.66% of grade I and 0.12% of grade II) amongst the children examined. The highest prevalence of 31.02% goitre was observed in Dehradun district, while the lowest prevalence of 0.02% goitre was recorded in Bishnupur and Badaun districts. The overall prevalence of cretinism among children examined from seven districts was 0.072% whereas that of deaf-mutism was 0.27% among children examined from 8 districts. Median urinary iodine values was marginally less than the WHO cut-off values only in children of the 3 out of the 15 districts surveyed. Iodine content was found to be adequate in 55.45% of the salt samples.
The results suggested a significant decline in the prevalence of goitre in most parts of the country.
1997年至2000年期间，在十个邦的15个地区对145264名6至12岁儿童开展了一项多中心研究，以评估碘缺乏症（甲状腺肿和聋哑症/克汀病）。还对27481名儿童测定了尿碘排泄量，同时对5881份食用盐样本进行了碘含量估算。采用的抽样方法为“30群组调查”。
在接受检查的儿童中，甲状腺肿的总体患病率为4.78%（I级为4.66%，II级为0.12%）。甲状腺肿患病率最高的是德拉敦地区，为31.02%，而甲状腺肿患病率最低的是比什努布尔和巴达乌恩地区，为0.02%。在七个地区接受检查的儿童中，克汀病的总体患病率为0.072%，而在八个地区接受检查的儿童中，聋哑症的患病率为0.27%。仅在接受调查的15个地区中的3个地区的儿童中，尿碘中位数略低于世界卫生组织的临界值。55.45%的盐样本碘含量充足。
结果表明该国大部分地区甲状腺肿患病率显著下降。
