Kumar Praveen, Mukherji Arnab, Roy Ashish
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tata Central Hospital (West Bokaro Coal Mines), Ranchi, IND.
Department of Medicine, Tata Central Hospital, Ramgarh, IND.
Cureus. 2022 Sep 3;14(9):e28733. doi: 10.7759/cureus.28733. eCollection 2022 Sep.
Background Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder worldwide. Studies on the prevalence of hypothyroidism in different geographical territories of India are sparse. Data on the prevalence of hypothyroidism in India's coal mine areas are lacking. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism in the adult population living in the coal mine areas of West Bokaro, Jharkhand, India. Methods In total, 1484 individuals of both sexes attending the outpatient department (OPD) of Tata Central Hospital, West Bokaro, Jharkhand, with varied symptoms were screened for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels from January 2021 to February 2022. The age of the study participants ranged from 15 to 80 years. Results In total, 366 participants had hypothyroidism (subclinical as well as overt). The prevalence of hypothyroidism was greater in women than in men. Among the 366 patients with hypothyroidism, 311 were women and 55 were men, and the ratio was 5.5:1. The percentage of the population having hypothyroidism was 24% in this study, which is higher than that reported in other parts of India; however, our results are similar to those of a study conducted in Assam in 2017. Among patients with high TSH levels, 47%, 25%, and 19% had TSH in the range of 5.6-7.5, 7.6-10.6, and 10.6-20 μU/mL, respectively. Conclusions Subclinical and overt hypothyroidism are common in eastern India. Patients with undiagnosed fatigue and weight gain must be screened for TSH levels. Hypothyroidism is no longer a rarity, and coal mine areas are no exception to this phenomenon. A population‑based epidemiological study of thyroid disorders in coal mine areas is an urgent need.
甲状腺功能减退是一种全球常见的内分泌疾病。关于印度不同地理区域甲状腺功能减退患病率的研究较少。印度煤矿地区甲状腺功能减退患病率的数据也很缺乏。因此，我们开展了一项横断面研究，以确定印度贾坎德邦西博卡罗煤矿地区成年人群中甲状腺功能减退的患病率。
2021年1月至2022年2月期间，对印度贾坎德邦西博卡罗塔塔中央医院门诊部就诊的1484名有各种症状的男女进行促甲状腺激素（TSH）水平筛查。研究参与者的年龄在15至80岁之间。
共有366名参与者患有甲状腺功能减退（亚临床和显性）。女性甲状腺功能减退的患病率高于男性。在366例甲状腺功能减退患者中，女性311例，男性55例，比例为5.5:1。本研究中甲状腺功能减退人群的百分比为24%，高于印度其他地区的报道；然而，我们的结果与2017年在阿萨姆邦进行的一项研究结果相似。在TSH水平较高的患者中，TSH在5.6 - 7.5、7.6 - 10.6和10.6 - μU/mL范围内的分别占47%、25%和19%。
亚临床和显性甲状腺功能减退在印度东部很常见。未确诊的疲劳和体重增加患者必须进行TSH水平筛查。甲状腺功能减退不再罕见，煤矿地区也不例外。迫切需要对煤矿地区甲状腺疾病进行基于人群的流行病学研究。
