Kac Gilberto, Benício Maria H D A, Velásquez-Meléndez Gustavo, Valente Joaquim G, Struchiner Cláudio J
Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Mar;79(3):487-93. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/79.3.487.
The relation between postpartum weight retention and breastfeeding practices is controversial.
Defining breastfeeding as the period when a child is exclusively or predominantly breastfed, we studied the association between breastfeeding duration and postpartum weight retention.
We followed 405 women aged 18-45 y who were assessed at 0.5, 2, 6, and 9 mo postpartum. The outcome variable, postpartum weight retention, was expressed as the difference between the observed weight at each follow-up and the reported prepregnancy weight. The main statistical procedure used was the longitudinal mixed-effects model.
Mean postpartum weight retention at the end of the study was 3.1 kg. Single women aged > or = 30 y retained more weight than did younger single women or married women. The combined effect of breastfeeding duration and percentage of body fat at baseline was significant only for women with < 30% body fat. According to the model's prediction, when women who had 22% body fat and breastfed for 180 d were compared with those who had 22% body fat and breastfed for only 30 d, each month of breastfeeding contributed -0.44 kg to postpartum weight retention. When only the percentage of body fat was varied, the total effect was 3.0, 1.7, 1.2, and 0.04 kg in women with 18%, 25%, 28%, and 35% body fat, respectively.
These results support the hypothesis of an association between breastfeeding and postpartum weight retention and suggest that encouraging prolonged breastfeeding might contribute to decreases in postpartum weight retention.
产后体重滞留与母乳喂养方式之间的关系存在争议。
将母乳喂养定义为婴儿完全或主要以母乳喂养的时期，我们研究了母乳喂养持续时间与产后体重滞留之间的关联。
我们对405名年龄在18 - 45岁的女性进行了随访，在产后0.5、2、6和9个月对她们进行评估。结果变量产后体重滞留表示为每次随访时观察到的体重与报告的孕前体重之间的差异。使用的主要统计方法是纵向混合效应模型。
研究结束时平均产后体重滞留为3.1千克。年龄≥30岁的单身女性比年轻单身女性或已婚女性滞留的体重更多。母乳喂养持续时间和基线体脂百分比的联合效应仅对体脂<30%的女性显著。根据模型预测，将体脂为22%且母乳喂养180天的女性与体脂为22%且仅母乳喂养30天的女性进行比较时，母乳喂养的每个月对产后体重滞留的影响为 -0.44千克。仅改变体脂百分比时，体脂分别为18%、25%、28%和35%的女性的总体影响分别为3.0、1.7、1.2和0.04千克。
这些结果支持母乳喂养与产后体重滞留之间存在关联的假设，并表明鼓励延长母乳喂养可能有助于减少产后体重滞留。
