[受伤儿童心理特征——一项病例对照研究]

Jiang Zhao-lun, Yang Qiong, Shao Jing-ming

Department of Pediatrics, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Shandong 277500, China.

Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2004 Jan;42(1):35-8.

OBJECTIVE

To study psychologic features of accidentally injured children to provide basis for application of psychologic intervening measures.

METHODS

Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) and Achenback child behavior capacity list (CBCL) (list for parents) were used to test accidentally injured children 7 - 11 years of age who were hospitalized (injury group) and healthy children (control group). Each group was composed of 81 cases.

RESULTS

(1) Scores of P, E and N branch capacity lists in EPQ of injury group were all higher than those of control group (P < 0.05 or < 0.001). But the score of L branch capacity of control group was higher than that of injury group (P < 0.001). (2) Boys of injury group in seven factors of restlessness, violation of discipline, attack, harmful contact, schizoid anxiety, depression and body complaint and girls of injury group in seven factors of restlessness, cruelty, attack, depression, body complaint, social flinching and violation of discipline had higher scores than those in control group did (P < 0.01). (3) Detectable rate of behavior problems of injury group was 32.09% (26/81), higher than that of control group [11.11% (9/81), P < 0.001]. The odds ratio (OR) was 3.78, 95% CI was 1.66 approximately 8.59 (P < 0.01). The behavior factor had a lower sensitivity (32.1%) and a higher specificity (88.9%) and lower positive result value (74.3%). (4) Average CBCL score of boys in injury group (39.84 +/- 10.99) was higher than that of girl in injury group (34.26 +/- 10.43, P < 0.05). Boys in two factors of violation of discipline and attack, girls in factor of depression factor M had higher score than the opposite sex subjects did (P < 0.05 or 0.01). (5) Average CBCL score (37.62 +/- 11.03) of injury group was higher than that of control group (17.77 +/- 12.12, P < 0.001). Logistic multiple factor analysis showed that boys' accidentally injured factors were attack, restlessness, violation of discipline, and girls' accidentally injured factors were attack, violation of discipline and depression.

CONCLUSION

Accidentally injured children have more psychologic problems in character and behavior. Psychologic education should be given to reduce incidence of accidental injury to children.

目的

研究意外伤害儿童的心理特征，为心理干预措施的应用提供依据。

方法

采用艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）和阿chenbach儿童行为量表（CBCL）（家长用表）对7至11岁住院的意外伤害儿童（受伤组）和健康儿童（对照组）进行测试。每组81例。

结果

（1）受伤组EPQ中P、E、N分量表得分均高于对照组（P<0.05或<0.001）。但对照组L分量表得分高于受伤组（P<0.001）。（2）受伤组男孩在多动、违纪、攻击、破坏行为、分裂样焦虑、抑郁和躯体诉述7个因子上，以及受伤组女孩在多动、残忍、攻击、抑郁、躯体诉述、社交退缩和违纪7个因子上的得分均高于对照组（P<0.01）。（3）受伤组行为问题检出率为32.09%（26/81），高于对照组[11.11%（9/81），P<0.001]。比值比（OR）为3.78，95%可信区间为1.66至8.59（P<0.01）。行为因子敏感性较低（32.1%），特异性较高（88.9%），阳性预测值较低（74.3%）。（4）受伤组男孩CBCL平均得分（39.84±10.99）高于受伤组女孩（34.26±10.43，P<0.05）。男孩在违纪和攻击2个因子上，女孩在抑郁因子M上的得分高于异性儿童（P<0.05或0.01）。（5）受伤组CBCL平均得分（37.62±11.03）高于对照组（17.77±12.12，P<0.001）。Logistic多因素分析显示，男孩意外伤害的相关因子为攻击、多动、违纪，女孩意外伤害的相关因子为攻击、违纪和抑郁。