Herráiz C, Hernández Calvín J, Plaza G, Toledano A, de los Santos G
Unidad de Otorrinolaringología, Fundación Hospital Alcorcón, Unidad de Acúfenos, Instituto ORL Antolí-Candela, Madrid.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2003 Nov;54(9):617-22. doi: 10.1016/s0001-6519(03)78458-1.
Description of the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hyperacusis in a tinnitus clinic unit.
Transversal descriptive.
Two hundred and fifty patients referred to our Tinnitus Unit a Teaching Hospital, between January 1999 and December 2000.
Questionnaires to evaluate hyperacusis and tinnitus interference in life quality. Epidemiological and audiological data as well as tinnitus characteristics in hyperacustic patients are reported.
Sixty three percent of the patients showed hyperacusis according to sound threshold level. Hearing loss was present in 83%. Discomfort with background noise was referred in 54% of cases and 52% avoided at least one daily activity because of this discomfort. Tinnitus in hyperacusis population showed a disability level of 47% using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI).
A physiopathological relation between tinnitus and hyperacusis could be explained by the high prevalence of both symptoms in the same population. It is necessary to agree in the criteria to define hyperacusis as well as for the evaluation of its effect in quality of life. The tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT) is the more accepted hyperacusis treatment approach in the literature.
描述耳鸣门诊中听觉过敏的流行病学和临床特征。
横断面描述性研究。
1999年1月至2000年12月期间转诊至某教学医院耳鸣科的250例患者。
评估听觉过敏和耳鸣对生活质量干扰的问卷。报告听觉过敏患者的流行病学和听力学数据以及耳鸣特征。
根据声阈值水平，63%的患者存在听觉过敏。83%的患者有听力损失。54%的病例提到对背景噪声感到不适，52%的患者因这种不适至少避免一项日常活动。使用耳鸣致残量表（THI）评估，听觉过敏人群中的耳鸣致残水平为47%。
耳鸣和听觉过敏之间的生理病理关系可以用同一人群中这两种症状的高患病率来解释。有必要在定义听觉过敏的标准以及评估其对生活质量的影响方面达成一致。耳鸣再训练疗法（TRT）是文献中更被认可的听觉过敏治疗方法。
