Nelson Elliot C, Heath Andrew C, Bucholz Kathleen K, Madden Pamela A F, Fu Qiang, Knopik Valerie, Lynskey Michael T, Lynskey Michael T, Whitfield John B, Statham Dixie J, Martin Nicholas G
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis University School of Public Health, St Louis, O 63108, USA.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004 Mar;61(3):257-63. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.61.3.257.
Alcohol-induced blackouts (ie, periods of anterograde amnesia) have received limited recent research attention.
To examine the genetic epidemiology of lifetime blackouts and having had 3 or more blackouts in a year, including analyses controlling for the frequency of intoxication.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Members of the young adult Australian Twin Register, a volunteer twin panel born between January 1, 1964, and December 31, 1971, were initially registered with the panel as children by their parents between 1980 and 1982. They underwent structured psychiatric telephone interviews from February 1996 through September 2000. The current sample contains 2324 monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs (mean [SD] age 29.9 [2.5] years) for whom both twins' responses were coded for blackout questions and for frequency of intoxication.
Outcome Measure Data on lifetime blackouts and having had 3 or more blackouts in a year were collected within an examination of the genetic epidemiology of alcoholism.
A lifetime history of blackouts was reported by 39.3% of women and 52.4% of men; 11.4% of women and 20.9% of men reported having had 3 or more blackouts in a year. The heritability of lifetime blackouts was 52.5% and that of having had 3 or more blackouts in a year was 57.8%. Models that controlled for frequency of intoxication found evidence of substantial genetic contribution unique to risk for the blackouts and a significant component of genetic risk shared with frequency of intoxication.
The finding of a substantial genetic contribution to liability for alcohol-induced blackouts including a component of genetic loading shared with frequency of intoxication may offer important additional avenues to investigate susceptibility to alcohol-related problems.
酒精所致记忆缺失（即顺行性遗忘期）近期受到的研究关注有限。
研究终生记忆缺失及一年内出现3次或更多次记忆缺失的遗传流行病学，包括对中毒频率进行控制的分析。
设计、场所和参与者：澳大利亚年轻成人双胞胎登记处的成员，这是一个志愿者双胞胎小组，出生于1964年1月1日至1971年12月31日之间，他们在1980年至1982年期间由父母作为儿童最初登记加入该小组。从1996年2月至2000年9月，他们接受了结构化的精神病学电话访谈。当前样本包含2324对同卵和异卵双胞胎（平均[标准差]年龄29.9[2.5]岁），对双胞胎双方关于记忆缺失问题和中毒频率的回答进行了编码。
在酒精中毒遗传流行病学检查中收集有关终生记忆缺失及一年内出现3次或更多次记忆缺失的数据。
39.3%的女性和52.4%的男性报告有终生记忆缺失史；11.4%的女性和20.9%的男性报告一年内有3次或更多次记忆缺失。终生记忆缺失的遗传度为52.5%，一年内出现3次或更多次记忆缺失的遗传度为57.8%。控制中毒频率的模型发现，有证据表明记忆缺失风险存在独特的重大遗传贡献，以及与中毒频率共有的重大遗传风险成分。
酒精所致记忆缺失易感性存在重大遗传贡献的发现，包括与中毒频率共有的遗传负荷成分，可能为研究酒精相关问题的易感性提供重要的额外途径。
