Chen Bin, Feng Mingguang
Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2003 Nov;14(11):1934-8.
The interactive effects of pure emulsifiable formulations (10(10) conidia.ml-1) of Beauveria bassiana and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus conidia and 1% and 3% of imidacloprid 10% WP were tested for controlling greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, on lettuce grown in four polyethylene film-covered greenhouses (5 m x 100 m) in Kunming, Yunnan. Six fungal treatments, two imidacloprid ones, and one water-spray control were included in the experiment, with each being replicated in three plots (7 m x 5 m.plot-1). For each of the treatments, 1000-fold aqueous dilution (10(7) conidia.ml-1) was sprayed twice at a 15-d interval, with the first spray given on day 11 after lettuce transplantation. Counts of live and dead whiteflies from each treatment were made on the initial day, and then, once every five days. During a 30-d period of observation from August 20, the two applications of the fungal formulations alone or those containing low rates of imidacloprid 10% WP effectively protected the lettuce from damage by T. vaporariorum, and generated relative efficacies. Whitefly density decreased > 95%, which was significantly higher than that attributed to the low application rates of imidacloprid 10% WP. Based on the estimations of relative efficacy and percent density decrease, P. fumosoroseus treatments controlled the whiteflies better than B. bassiana ones, and the effects of both fungi on the pest population were apparently enhanced with the quantity of imidacloprid added. The differences among the fungal treatments in the two estimations were larger during the first 10 days, but decreased thereafter, becoming insignificant on day 10 after the second spray. The results indicated that the fungal formulations tested in this study are of great potential for practical use in whitefly control, and their efficacy could be enhanced with low rates of imidacloprid.
在云南昆明四个聚乙烯薄膜覆盖的温室（5米×100米）中种植的生菜上，测试了球孢白僵菌和玫烟色拟青霉分生孢子的纯乳油制剂（10¹⁰ 分生孢子·毫升⁻¹）与1%和3%的吡虫啉10%可湿性粉剂对温室白粉虱（烟粉虱）的交互作用。试验包括六种真菌处理、两种吡虫啉处理和一种喷水对照，每种处理在三个小区（7米×5米·小区⁻¹）中重复。对于每种处理，将1000倍的水稀释液（10⁷ 分生孢子·毫升⁻¹）以15天的间隔喷洒两次，第一次喷洒在生菜移栽后第11天。在初始日对各处理的活粉虱和死粉虱进行计数，然后每五天计数一次。在8月20日开始的30天观察期内，单独使用真菌制剂或含有低剂量吡虫啉10%可湿性粉剂的制剂有效地保护生菜免受烟粉虱的侵害，并产生了相对防效。粉虱密度下降>95%，显著高于低剂量吡虫啉10%可湿性粉剂的防效。根据相对防效和密度下降百分比的估计，玫烟色拟青霉处理对粉虱的防治效果优于球孢白僵菌处理，并且随着吡虫啉添加量的增加，两种真菌对害虫种群的影响明显增强。在最初10天内，两种估计中真菌处理之间的差异较大，但此后减小，在第二次喷洒后第10天变得不显著。结果表明，本研究中测试的真菌制剂在实际防治粉虱方面具有很大的应用潜力，并且低剂量的吡虫啉可以提高其防效。
