Renner Britta
Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2004 Mar;30(3):384-96. doi: 10.1177/0146167203261296.
The present study examined reactions toward repeated self-relevant feedback. Participants in a community health screening received feedback about their cholesterol level on two separate occasions. Reactions to the first feedback were examined with regard to feedback valence and expectedness. The findings showed that negative feedback was devalued, but only when it was unexpected. Feedback consistency was incorporated into analyses of the second feedback. Again, results showed that negative feedback was not always devalued-only when it was inconsistent with the first feedback. Furthermore, positive feedback was not unconditionally accepted. When receiving unexpected positive feedback of low consistency, recipients were doubtful about its accuracy. Conversely, expected positive feedback was accepted regardless of its consistency. These results suggest that negative or unexpected positive feedbacks evoke greater sensitivity to feedback consistency, indicating elaborate cognitive processing. Theoretical accounts of these findings are discussed.
本研究考察了对重复的自我相关反馈的反应。参与社区健康筛查的参与者在两个不同的场合收到了关于他们胆固醇水平的反馈。针对反馈效价和预期性对第一次反馈的反应进行了考察。研究结果表明，负面反馈被贬低，但仅在其出乎意料时才会如此。反馈一致性被纳入对第二次反馈的分析中。同样，结果表明，负面反馈并非总是被贬低——只有在与第一次反馈不一致时才会如此。此外，正面反馈也不是无条件被接受的。当收到一致性较低的意外正面反馈时，接受者会对其准确性表示怀疑。相反，预期的正面反馈无论其一致性如何都会被接受。这些结果表明，负面或意外的正面反馈会引发对反馈一致性更高的敏感性，这表明存在精细的认知加工。文中讨论了对这些研究结果的理论解释。
