Ford S M, Davis L C
Department of Anthropology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 62901.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1992 Aug;88(4):415-68. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330880403.
The relationship between body size and feeding ecology is well established for primates. It is argued that the evolutionary history of modern New World monkeys and, in particular, the path to attainment of current body size is significant in understanding the similarities and differences between dietary strategies and other ecological parameters of similar-sized monkeys. Current interpretations of New World monkey evolutionary relationships are reviewed. Based on a synthesis of available body weights and the assumption that the earliest New World monkeys weighed close to 1 kg, similar to modern Aotus and Callicebus, predicted patterns of body size change in each lineage are given. Restrictions on directions of body size change in primates are discussed, and it is shown that "Stanley's Rule" offers a good explanation for differing body size ranges in New and Old World anthropoids. Predicted ecological correlates to body size drawn from the mammalian literature are offered and tested using data on New World monkeys, which show some concurrence and several interesting departures from predicted patterns. Sexual dimorphism in body weight of New World monkey species is reviewed, based on the new summary of body weight data given.
灵长类动物的体型与觅食生态之间的关系已得到充分证实。有人认为，现代新大陆猴的进化史，尤其是达到当前体型的路径，对于理解体型相似的猴子在饮食策略和其他生态参数方面的异同具有重要意义。本文回顾了当前对新大陆猴进化关系的解释。基于现有体重数据的综合分析，并假设最早的新大陆猴体重接近1千克，类似于现代的夜猴属和伶猴属，给出了每个谱系中体型变化的预测模式。讨论了灵长类动物体型变化方向的限制因素，并表明“斯坦利法则”很好地解释了新旧大陆类人猿体型范围的差异。从哺乳动物文献中得出的与体型相关的预测生态因素，利用新大陆猴的数据进行了验证，结果显示出一些一致性以及与预测模式的一些有趣偏差。基于给出的体重数据新总结，对新大陆猴物种体重的两性异形进行了综述。
