Balancing fact and fiction of novel ingredients: definitions, regulations and evaluation.

Veterinarians have an opportunity to help educate their clients regarding the safety and efficacy of novel ingredients used by their clients. This is no small task because of the lack of acceptable information. Clients should be counseled regarding the lack of scientific evidence and be encouraged to discriminate fact from fiction, including many testimonials. Safety should be of primary concern, and clients should be encouraged not to neglect traditional therapies in lieu of novel ingredients unless clinical evidence of efficacy exists. Quality assurance is equally important and cannot be underestimated. Clients are likely to resort to less expensive products. Clients should be directed to the advice offered by the Arthritis Foundation as follows: "When a supplement has been studied with good results, find out which brand was used and buy that." Although skepticism is encouraged regarding any unknown product with medicinal indications, open mindedness should also guide the veterinarian as these products are considered. Indeed, veterinarians should take actions to ensure that the use of these compounds is accomplished within the confines of the veterinary-client-patient relationship, thus ensuring the role of the veterinarian in the health and well-being of animals, regardless of the modality of therapy. The veterinary profession should support the development of standards that might guide manufacturers of novel ingredients to meet criteria that protect the consumer. Likewise, we should encourage manufacturers and agencies to fund veterinary clinical trials to provide evidence for the use of these potentially exciting compounds. Above all else, the veterinarian needs to become a credible resource of information about the possible role of these products. The lack of a regulatory mechanism that establishes the safety and efficacy of these products is not justification for ignoring the potential therapeutic benefit of some of these products. Veterinarians should follow the advice of the Arthritis Foundation, which notes: "Since glucosamine is self-prescribed ... health care professionals are not regarded [to have] objective advice. This situation must change. It is time for the profession to accommodate the possibility that many nutritional products may have valuable therapeutic effects" [61].