Essau C A, Sakano Y, Ishikawa S, Sasagawa S
Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Psychologisches Institut I, Fliednerstrasse 21, 48149 Münster, Germany.
Behav Res Ther. 2004 May;42(5):601-12. doi: 10.1016/S0005-7967(03)00164-5.
The purpose of this study was to compare the frequency of anxiety symptoms and their association with gender and age in Japanese and German children using the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS). A total of 1837 children (862 from Germany and 975 from Japan) between the age of 8 and 12 years were investigated. Results revealed that German children reported significantly higher symptoms of separation anxiety, social phobia, obsessive compulsive disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder than Japanese children. Conversely, Japanese children reported significantly higher scores on symptoms related to physical injury fear. In both countries, girls scored higher than boys on all the scales of the SCAS. Symptoms of separation anxiety and panic decreased with age, whereas social phobia increased with age. The findings underscore the impact of culture on children's anxiety.
本研究的目的是使用斯宾斯儿童焦虑量表（SCAS）比较日本和德国儿童焦虑症状的频率及其与性别和年龄的关系。共调查了1837名8至12岁的儿童（862名来自德国，975名来自日本）。结果显示，德国儿童在分离焦虑、社交恐惧症、强迫症和广泛性焦虑症方面的症状报告显著高于日本儿童。相反，日本儿童在与身体伤害恐惧相关的症状上得分显著更高。在两个国家，女孩在SCAS的所有量表上得分均高于男孩。分离焦虑和恐慌症状随年龄增长而减少，而社交恐惧症则随年龄增长而增加。这些发现强调了文化对儿童焦虑的影响。
