de Schaetzen V, Richert B, de la Brassinne M
Université de Liège, Service de Dermatologie.
Rev Med Liege. 2004 Jan;59(1):46-50.
Xanthomas are cutaneous lesions due to a local accumulation of spumous cells in the dermal tissue or the tendons. Histologically, they are characterized by the presence of histiocytes, fibroblasts, macrophages and Touton cells full of lipids. Xanthomas may be found on any part of the body and are usually yellow-orange in color. They may or may not be associated to hyperlipoproteinemia which may be genetic or secondary. A blood test and a complete physical examination are necessary in case such a lesion is discovered. When there is no hyperlipemia some types of xanthomas may be associated to rare diseases. Xanthomas are classified according to their clinical features.
黄瘤是由于真皮组织或肌腱中泡沫细胞局部积聚而形成的皮肤病变。从组织学上看，其特征是存在充满脂质的组织细胞、成纤维细胞、巨噬细胞和杜顿巨细胞。黄瘤可出现在身体的任何部位，通常呈黄橙色。它们可能与可能是遗传性或继发性的高脂蛋白血症有关，也可能无关。如果发现有此类病变，进行血液检查和全面的体格检查是必要的。当不存在高脂血症时，某些类型的黄瘤可能与罕见疾病有关。黄瘤根据其临床特征进行分类。
