心因性不孕——误区与真相。
Psychogenic infertility--myths and facts.
作者信息
Wischmann Tewes H
机构信息
Department of Medical Psychology, Heidelberg University Medical School, Bergheimer Strasse 20, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany.
出版信息
J Assist Reprod Genet. 2003 Dec;20(12):485-94. doi: 10.1023/b:jarg.0000013648.74404.9d.
PURPOSE
The hypothesis of this review is that the role of psychological factors as the sole cause of infertility is generally overrated.
METHODS
A review is given of studies concerning the influence of psychological factors on the development of infertility.
RESULT
A prevalence of psychogenic infertility of 10-15 per cent must be discussed critically. A value of approximately 5 per cent is more realistic. Equating unexplained infertility with psychogenic infertility is not justified. A definition of psychogenic infertility according to the German guidelines Psychosomatics in Reproductive Medicine is presented. Spontaneous pregnancies following adoption or the decision to remain childless are the absolute exception. The association of stress and infertility in humans is still unclear. For many women the effect of infertility and notably of medical therapy is a considerable emotional stress. This may make psychosocial counseling necessary in certain cases.
CONCLUSIONS
An exclusive psychological/psychodynamical point of view on the complexity of infertility is as inadequate as a strictly somatic point of view. Infertility should always be treated as a psychosomatic entirety.
目的
本综述的假设是，心理因素作为不孕症唯一原因的作用通常被高估了。
方法
对有关心理因素对不孕症发展影响的研究进行综述。
结果
必须审慎讨论心因性不孕症10% - 15%的患病率。约5%的值更为现实。将不明原因不孕症等同于心因性不孕症是不合理的。介绍了根据德国《生殖医学中的身心医学》指南对心因性不孕症的定义。领养后或决定不育后自然怀孕是绝对的例外情况。压力与人类不孕症之间的关联仍不明确。对许多女性而言，不孕症尤其是医学治疗的影响是相当大的情绪压力。这可能使得在某些情况下有必要进行心理社会咨询。
结论
对不孕症复杂性仅从心理/心理动力学角度看待，与严格从躯体角度看待一样不充分。不孕症应始终作为一个身心整体来治疗。
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