Airoldi Luisa, Magagnotti Cinzia, Pastorelli Roberta, Fanelli Roberto
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Eritrea 62, Milan 20157, Italy.
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2004 Mar 25;802(1):175-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.10.055.
Heterocyclic aromatic amines are dietary carcinogens possibly involved in human carcinogenesis, DNA-adduct formation being an obligatory step in this multistage process. Heterocyclic amine binding to DNA largely depends on the balance between metabolic activation and detoxification pathways and DNA repair efficiency. Several genes coding for metabolic enzymes are polymorphic, which affects gene expression and/or enzyme activity. This paper briefly reviews the effect of polymorphisms of activating/detoxifying enzymes on the metabolism of heterocyclic amines. Despite some epidemiological evidence of an association between genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to cancer possibly resulting from dietary exposure to heterocyclic aromatic amines (HA), the genetic polymorphisms had only slight effects on biomarker levels, suggesting the existence of further unknown factors.
杂环芳香胺是膳食致癌物，可能参与人类致癌过程，DNA加合物形成是这一多阶段过程中的一个必要步骤。杂环胺与DNA的结合很大程度上取决于代谢活化与解毒途径之间的平衡以及DNA修复效率。几种编码代谢酶的基因具有多态性，这会影响基因表达和/或酶活性。本文简要综述了活化/解毒酶多态性对杂环胺代谢的影响。尽管有一些流行病学证据表明基因多态性与因膳食接触杂环芳香胺（HA）可能导致的癌症易感性之间存在关联，但基因多态性对生物标志物水平的影响很小，这表明存在其他未知因素。
