Niedeggen Michael, Heil Martin, Ludowig Eva, Rolke Bettina, Harris Catherine L
Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany.
Neuropsychologia. 2004;42(6):745-53. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2003.11.007.
Repetition blindness (RB) was used to investigate whether illusory words emerge at a lexical-perceptual or a semantic-reconstructional level. Illusory words were evoked by the rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of two real words and a word fragment. The initial words share the same string of letters ("CREEP"-"SHEEP"), producing a free-floating word fragment ("SH"). This fragment is likely to be linked to a subsequently presented fragment ("IFT") if both combine to a meaningful word ("SHIFT"). The processing level of the illusions was probed by prime words preceding the RSVP sequence which were semantically related or unrelated to the second real word or to the illusion. Behavioural and electrophysiological correlates of the semantic priming effect were recorded in 14 subjects. Real words related to the prime were perceived more frequently, and evoked widespread N400-like effect in the event-related brain potentials (ERPs). An ERP effect of the same polarity was obtained for illusory words, however, its latency was delayed and the topographical distribution was restricted to left posterior electrode positions. These differences suggest that priming might affect real and illusory words at different levels of word processing: access to real words is facilitated at a semantic level, whereas lexical activation apparently accompanies the generation of illusory words.
重复盲视（RB）被用于研究虚幻词是在词汇感知层面还是语义重构层面出现。通过两个真实单词和一个单词片段的快速序列视觉呈现（RSVP）来诱发虚幻词。起始单词共享相同的字母串（“CREEP”-“SHEEP”），从而产生一个游离的单词片段（“SH”）。如果这个片段与随后呈现的片段（“IFT”）组合成一个有意义的单词（“SHIFT”），那么它很可能会与之相连。通过在RSVP序列之前呈现的启动词来探究错觉的处理水平，这些启动词与第二个真实单词或错觉在语义上相关或不相关。记录了14名受试者语义启动效应的行为和电生理相关性。与启动词相关的真实单词被更频繁地感知到，并且在事件相关脑电位（ERP）中诱发了广泛的类似N400的效应。然而，对于虚幻词也获得了相同极性的ERP效应，但其潜伏期延迟，并且地形分布仅限于左后电极位置。这些差异表明启动可能在单词处理的不同水平上影响真实词和虚幻词：在语义层面促进对真实词的获取，而词汇激活显然伴随着虚幻词的产生。
