Goh V, Halligan S, Bartram C I
Intestinal Imaging Centre, St Mark's Hospital, Northwick Park, London, UK.
Clin Radiol. 2004 Mar;59(3):215-26. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2003.08.013.
Rectal cancer is a common malignancy with a highly variable outcome. Local recurrence is dependent upon tumour stage and surgical technique. The role of pre-operative imaging is to determine which patients may be safely managed by surgery alone and which need additional therapy in order to facilitate surgery and improve outcome. This decision depends on the distinction between those with early and advanced disease. While trans-rectal ultrasound has traditionally been used to answer this question, a role for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly argued. This review will focus on the treatment options for rectal cancer and the clinical questions that subsequently arise for the radiologist to answer.
直肠癌是一种常见的恶性肿瘤，其预后差异很大。局部复发取决于肿瘤分期和手术技术。术前影像学检查的作用是确定哪些患者可以仅通过手术安全治疗，哪些患者需要额外治疗以利于手术并改善预后。这一决定取决于早期和晚期疾病患者之间的区分。虽然传统上一直使用经直肠超声来回答这个问题，但越来越多的人认为磁共振成像（MRI）也能发挥作用。本综述将重点关注直肠癌的治疗选择以及随后放射科医生需要回答的临床问题。
