Kaiser Dale
Stanford University, Departments of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2003 Oct;1(1):45-54. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro733.
The myxobacteria are Gram-negative organisms that are capable of multicellular, social behaviour. In the presence of nutrients, swarms of myxobacteria feed cooperatively by sharing extracellular digestive enzymes, and can prey on other bacteria. When the food supply runs low, they initiate a complex developmental programme that culminates in the production of a fruiting body. Myxobacteria move by gliding and have two, polarly positioned engines to control their motility. The two engines undergo coordinated reversals, and changes in the reversal frequency and speed are responsible for the different patterns of movement that are seen during development. The myxobacteria communicate with each other and coordinate their movements through a cell-contact-dependent signal. Here, the cell movements that culminate in the development of the multicellular fruiting body are reviewed.
粘细菌是革兰氏阴性菌，能够进行多细胞的群体行为。在有营养物质的情况下，成群的粘细菌通过共享胞外消化酶进行合作进食，并能捕食其他细菌。当食物供应减少时，它们会启动一个复杂的发育程序，最终形成子实体。粘细菌通过滑行移动，有两个位于极性位置的“发动机”来控制其运动。这两个“发动机”会进行协调反转，反转频率和速度的变化导致了发育过程中出现的不同运动模式。粘细菌彼此之间通过一种细胞接触依赖信号进行交流并协调它们的运动。在此，对最终导致多细胞子实体发育的细胞运动进行综述。
