Celik Sevim, Aksoy Güler, Akyolcu Neriman
Florence Nightingale College of Nursing, Istanbul University, 80270 Istanbul, Turkey.
Accid Emerg Nurs. 2004 Apr;12(2):94-8. doi: 10.1016/j.aaen.2003.12.003.
Secondary brain injury is a complicated, multifactorial process that results from hypoxemia, hypercapnia or hypocapnia, and increased ICP. Implementation of a traumatic brain injury protocol for patients with head injury including hemodynamic management, pulmonary care, maintenance of body temperature, control of the environment, positioning of patients, and seizure prophylaxis provides critical care nurses a proactive means to prevent or minimize the development of secondary brain injury in the emergency department.
