Homsma S J, Lansberg P J, Kastelein J J
Nationale-Nederlanden N.V., Weena 505, 3013 AL Rotterdam.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2004 Mar 6;148(10):493-6.
In the Netherlands, people with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) have been actively screened since 1994 by means of DNA analysis. Recently, the Stichting Opsporing Erfelijke Hypercholesterolemie (Foundation for the Detection of Familial Hypercholesterolaemia) initiated a large scale-screening programme aimed at finding all 40,000 people. The Dutch ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport is providing the financial support. Genetic screening has social implications and raises questions on insurability. The Dutch Medical Examination Act prohibits insurers from posing questions about untreatable, serious inheritable conditions for insured sums under a certain value: for life-insurance policies < [symbol: see text] 150,000 and for disability-cover policies < [symbol: see text] 30,000 in the 1st year and < [symbol: see text] 20,000 in the 2nd year and following years. The Health Council of the Netherlands has defined FH as a serious disease, but one which responds well to treatment. Therefore insurers can request information for the purpose of an accurate risk classification. Insurance contracts can be accepted at normal rates if the target value of LDL-cholesterol < 4 mmol/l and additional risk factors such as smoking and an abnormal BMI are absent; the risk is determined by the phenotype and clinical factors and not by the genotype.
自1994年以来,荷兰一直通过DNA分析对家族性高胆固醇血症(FH)患者进行积极筛查。最近,家族性高胆固醇血症检测基金会发起了一项大规模筛查计划,旨在找出所有4万名患者。荷兰卫生、福利和体育部提供资金支持。基因筛查具有社会影响,并引发了有关可保性的问题。荷兰《医学检查法》禁止保险公司就某些价值以下的保险金额询问不可治疗的严重遗传性疾病:对于人寿保险单,保额低于[符号:见原文]150,000;对于残疾保险单,第一年保额低于[符号:见原文]30,000,第二年及以后年份低于[符号:见原文]20,000。荷兰卫生委员会已将FH定义为一种严重疾病,但对治疗反应良好。因此,保险公司可以为准确的风险分类目的要求提供信息。如果低密度脂蛋白胆固醇目标值<4 mmol/l且不存在吸烟和BMI异常等其他风险因素,则保险合同可以按正常费率承保;风险由表型和临床因素决定,而非基因型。