Lei L, Liang Y X, Krieger Gary R
Department of Occupational Health, Fudan University School of Public Health, 138 Yi Xue Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
Clin Occup Environ Med. 2004 Feb;4(1):221-9. doi: 10.1016/j.coem.2003.12.001.
With economic globalization, the rate and effects of culture shock stress in expatriates and their families are expected to increase. The stressor may occur from the micro-environment, the macro-environment, or the mega-environment. The effects of stress are frequently due to predictable reactions such as insecurity, distress, and homesickness. These symptoms can progress to more severe psychosomatic symptoms, including depressive reactions and overt psychopathic behavior. Cross-cultural training programs are currently the best preventive strategy for culture shock and subsequent stress; however, the true efficacy of these programs is not well characterized. Substance abuse is probably a significant underlying problem for international business travelers; however, the true magnitude and effects of this issue are not well characterized in the expatriate community. There are substantial opportunities for additional medical research in these areas.
随着经济全球化，预计外派人员及其家庭中文化冲击压力的发生率和影响将会增加。压力源可能来自微观环境、宏观环境或超宏观环境。压力的影响通常源于诸如不安全感、痛苦和思乡等可预测的反应。这些症状可能会发展为更严重的身心症状，包括抑郁反应和明显的精神病行为。跨文化培训项目目前是应对文化冲击及后续压力的最佳预防策略；然而，这些项目的真正效果尚未得到充分描述。药物滥用可能是国际商务旅行者面临的一个重大潜在问题；然而，这个问题在外派人员群体中的真实规模和影响尚未得到充分描述。在这些领域有大量进一步开展医学研究的机会。
