Preparation of aqueous standards for low temperature X-ray microanalysis.

A technique, using Nuclepore polycarbonate membrane filters as a containing medium for very small volumes of ionic standard solutions, to produce homogeneous ice standards is described. The standards are suitable for use in a scanning electron microscope. The relationship between elemental X-ray counts and ionic concentration is found to be linear. The method is rapid and simple. Minimum detectable concentrations are given.