Ship J A
University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor.
Clin Geriatr Med. 1992 Aug;8(3):483-97.
The oral cavity is responsible for two essential functions: the production of speech and the initiation of alimentation. All of the specialized oral tissues and sensory systems that allow for the execution of these functions are susceptible to age-, disease-, and treatment-related changes, and alterations in any one or more function may result in deleterious consequences to the host and impact on the quality of life. Oral physiology is generally believed to be age-stable in healthy individuals; however, in the presence of single or multiple medical diseases and their treatment, these functions deteriorate. This article focuses on the influence of common geriatric diseases, disorders, and impairments on oral health and function. Data are presented to suggest that oral health is altered in the presence of heart, cerebrovascular, liver, and renal diseases, cancer, COPD, diabetes, pneumonia, and influenza. Arthritic, hearing, visual, orthopedic, and speech impairments multiple medical problems. Finally, adjustments in treatment and management strategies may be necessary for older patients with these diseases and impairments.
言语产生和进食起始。所有执行这些功能所需的特殊口腔组织和感觉系统都易受年龄、疾病和治疗相关变化的影响，任何一项或多项功能的改变都可能对宿主产生有害后果并影响生活质量。一般认为，健康个体的口腔生理在年龄方面是稳定的；然而，在患有单一或多种内科疾病及其接受治疗的情况下，这些功能会恶化。本文重点关注常见老年疾病、病症和损伤对口腔健康和功能的影响。所呈现的数据表明，在患有心脏、脑血管、肝脏和肾脏疾病、癌症、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、糖尿病、肺炎和流感时，口腔健康会发生改变。关节炎、听力、视力、骨科和言语损伤会带来多种医疗问题。最后，对于患有这些疾病和损伤的老年患者，可能需要调整治疗和管理策略。
