Stroebe Maximilian, Scheringer Martin, Held Hermann, Hungerbühler Konrad
Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
Sci Total Environ. 2004 Apr 5;321(1-3):1-20. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.09.008.
Several evaluative multi-media models have been developed during the recent years to determine the long-range transport potential, LRTP, of non-polar organic chemicals. Here, these models are categorized and compared with respect to the modes of transport and the measures used to compute LRTP. Differences concerning the mode of transport include the transport mechanism (advective vs. dispersive transport) and the number and coupling of transport media (transport in a single moving medium vs. coupled transport in air and water). Measures used include the characteristic travel distance and the spatial range. The spatial remote state is defined as a benchmark for the comparison of the different measures. This is the state of the model system far-off the source that is independent of the release pattern. With the expected value in the spatial remote state as a benchmark, the maximum of the spatial ranges in air and water and the maximum of the characteristic travel distances in air and water as well as the spatial range in air in combination with release into water prove to be reliable measures of the LRTP. The framework developed allows one to overview the features of the different models used in the ranking and assessment of chemicals.
近年来，已经开发了几种评估性多媒体模型，以确定非极性有机化学品的长距离传输潜力（LRTP）。在此，根据传输模式和用于计算LRTP的度量对这些模型进行分类和比较。传输模式方面的差异包括传输机制（平流传输与扩散传输）以及传输介质的数量和耦合情况（在单一移动介质中的传输与在空气和水中的耦合传输）。使用的度量包括特征行程距离和空间范围。空间远程状态被定义为比较不同度量的基准。这是模型系统远离源且与释放模式无关的状态。以空间远程状态下的期望值为基准，空气和水中空间范围的最大值、空气和水中特征行程距离的最大值以及空气与释放到水中相结合的空间范围被证明是LRTP的可靠度量。所开发的框架使人们能够概述用于化学品排名和评估的不同模型的特征。
