Burton Leslie A, Rabin Laura, Vardy Susan Bernstein, Frohlich Jonathan, Wyatt Gwinne, Dimitri Diana, Constante Shimon, Guterman Elan
Psychology Department, Fordham University, 441 E. Fordham Rd., Bronx, NY 10458, USA.
Brain Cogn. 2004 Apr;54(3):218-24. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2004.02.011.
Thirty-two participants were administered 4 verbal tasks, an Implicit Affective Task, an Implicit Neutral Task, an Explicit Affective Task, and an Explicit Neutral Task. For the Implicit Tasks, participants were timed while reading passages aloud as quickly as possible, but not so quickly that they did not understand. A target verbal passage was repeated three times, and alternated with other previously unread passages. The Implicit Affective and Neutral passages had strong affective or neutral content, respectively. The Explicit Tasks were administered at the end of testing, and consisted of multiple choice questions regarding the passages. Priming effects in terms of more rapid reading speed for the target compared to non-target passages were seen for both the Implicit Affective Task and the Implicit Neutral Task. Overall reading speed was faster for the passages with neutral compared to affective content, consistent with studies of the emotional Stroop effect. For the Explicit memory tasks, overall performance was better on the items from the repeated passage, and on the Affective compared to Neutral Task. The male subjects showed greater priming for affective material than female subjects, and a greater gain than female subjects in explicit memory for affective compared to neutral material.
32名参与者接受了4项语言任务，即一项内隐情感任务、一项内隐中性任务、一项外显情感任务和一项外显中性任务。对于内隐任务，参与者在尽可能快地大声朗读段落时被计时，但不能快到不理解的程度。一篇目标语言段落重复三次，并与其他之前未读过的段落交替出现。内隐情感段落和中性段落分别具有强烈的情感或中性内容。外显任务在测试结束时进行，由关于段落的多项选择题组成。在内隐情感任务和内隐中性任务中，与非目标段落相比，目标段落的阅读速度更快，存在启动效应。与情感内容的段落相比，中性内容的段落总体阅读速度更快，这与情绪斯特鲁普效应的研究一致。在外显记忆任务中，重复段落的项目以及情感任务相比中性任务的总体表现更好。男性受试者对情感材料的启动效应比女性受试者更大，并且与中性材料相比，男性受试者在外显记忆中对情感材料的收获比女性受试者更大。
