Vlizo V V, Lewtschenko W
Landwirtschaftlichen Hochschule in Bila Zerkwa/Ukraine.
Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 1992 Jun;99(6):254-7.
The authors report on occurrence, causes and diagnostics of liver affections observed in fattening bulls in Ukrainia between 1982 and 1988. For this purpose, 2747 bulls in 10 fattening plants had been controlled clinically once during the last month of their final fattening period (lasting, according to the feeding schedule, from the 4th until the 12th, or from the 6th until the 18th month of life), and 1318 of them were controlled for eventual hepatic lesions at slaughter. The authors found an increase in liver affections during the final fattening period. The type of lesion found preferentially in the different fattening plants showed a certain correlation with feeding used in these: The prevalence of liver lesions (i.e. in 87.2% of the animals controlled) were found in fattening bulls fed cereal branstraw-pellets; among these, liver abscesses were most frequent (i.e. 55.2% of all lesions observed in this group). Steatosis of the liver was prevalent in fattening bulls receiving eating offalls (i.e. 82.7% of all lesions found in that group), whereas liver cirrhosis was prevalent in fattening bulls fed with sugar beet chips-silage. In Holstein-bulls, liver lesions were about double as frequent as in Fleckvieh-bulls (i.e. 37.3 and 16.7% of the livers controlled were found involved, respectively). Diagnostical value of several clinical parameters controlled is discussed (i.e. size and sensitivity of liver percussion field, activity of SDH, LDH, AST and ALT in serum, serum concentration of vitamin A, D3-25 and E, concentration of Vitamin A in liver, and concentration of cholic acids and of their glucoconjugates in bile).
作者报告了1982年至1988年期间在乌克兰育肥牛中观察到的肝脏疾病的发生情况、病因及诊断方法。为此，对10个育肥场的2747头公牛在其育肥期末的最后一个月（根据饲养计划，育肥期从出生后第4个月持续到第12个月，或从第6个月持续到第18个月）进行了一次临床检查，其中1318头公牛在屠宰时检查是否有肝脏病变。作者发现育肥期末肝脏疾病有所增加。在不同育肥场中优先发现的病变类型与这些场使用的饲料有一定关联：在喂食谷物麸皮 - 秸秆颗粒的育肥牛中发现肝脏病变的患病率较高（即在87.2%的受检动物中）；其中，肝脓肿最为常见（即在该组观察到的所有病变中占55.2%）。在食用残羹剩饭的育肥牛中肝脏脂肪变性很普遍（即在该组发现的所有病变中占82.7%），而在喂食甜菜粕青贮料的育肥牛中肝硬化很普遍。在荷斯坦公牛中，肝脏病变的发生率约为弗莱维赫公牛的两倍（即分别有37.3%和16.7%的受检肝脏发现有病变）。文中讨论了所检查的几个临床参数的诊断价值（即肝脏叩诊区的大小和敏感度、血清中SDH、LDH、AST和ALT的活性、维生素A、D3 - 25和E的血清浓度、肝脏中维生素A的浓度以及胆汁中胆酸及其葡萄糖结合物的浓度）。
