Nimorakiotakis B, Winkel K D
Epworth Hospital, Sunshine Hospital, Australian Venom Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Victoria.
Aust Fam Physician. 2004 Mar;33(3):153-7.
Redback spider bite is thought to be the commonest serious spider bite in Australia. The treatment for the envenomation syndrome it causes, termed 'latrodectism', is the most frequently used antivenom in Australia. Several cases of a 'latrodectism-like' illness after cupboard spider bites ('steatodism') have also appeared to respond to redback antivenom.
This article describes the key presenting features of redback spider envenomation and discusses treatment for bites by this spider and that of its close relatives, the cupboard spider. It is intended that this information will assist general practitioners in the diagnosis and management of spider bite in Australia.
Redback spider antivenom is safe and appears to be broadly cross reactive with the venom of other spiders of the Theridiidae family. Guidelines for the use of this product are also provided.
红背蜘蛛咬伤被认为是澳大利亚最常见的严重蜘蛛咬伤。治疗由其引起的中毒综合征（称为“红斑蛛中毒”）所使用的抗蛇毒血清是澳大利亚最常用的。几例橱柜蜘蛛咬伤（“花蛛中毒”）后出现的“类似红斑蛛中毒”病症，似乎也对红背蜘蛛抗蛇毒血清有反应。
本文描述了红背蜘蛛中毒的主要表现特征，并讨论了这种蜘蛛及其近亲橱柜蜘蛛咬伤的治疗方法。旨在这些信息能帮助澳大利亚的全科医生对蜘蛛咬伤进行诊断和处理。
红背蜘蛛抗蛇毒血清是安全的，并且似乎与球腹蛛科其他蜘蛛的毒液具有广泛的交叉反应性。本文还提供了该产品的使用指南。
