Dunn Judy, Cheng Helen, O'Connor Thomas G, Bridges Laura
SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2004 Mar;45(3):553-66. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00245.x.
Children's relationships with their nonresident fathers, and associations between these relationships, children's relationships with mothers and stepfathers, and the children's adjustment were studied in 162 children from single-parent and stepfamilies, selected from a representative community sample in the UK, studied at 2 time points two years apart.
Children were interviewed about their relationships with their nonresident fathers, mothers and stepfathers; mothers reported on children's adjustment, and other family variables.
Positive child-nonresident father relationships were correlated with (a) contact between child and father, (b) the quality of the mother-child relationship, and (c) the frequency of contact between the mother and her former partner. Conflict between child and father was correlated with conflict between child and mother, and child and stepfather. Child-nonresident father contact and relationships were stable over 2 years, and related to children's adjustment; these associations were stronger for children from single-parent families than for those with stepfathers, and for those whose mothers had been first pregnant as teenagers.
Associations between the quality of children's relationships with nonresident fathers and their adjustment need to be considered within the framework of the larger family system; child-father relationships are particularly important for children from 'high risk' families.
对来自单亲家庭和再婚家庭的162名儿童进行了研究，这些儿童选自英国一个具有代表性的社区样本，在相隔两年的两个时间点进行调查，研究他们与非共同居住父亲的关系，以及这些关系、他们与母亲和继父的关系之间的关联，还有儿童的适应情况。
就儿童与非共同居住父亲、母亲和继父的关系对儿童进行访谈；母亲报告儿童的适应情况以及其他家庭变量。
儿童与非共同居住父亲的积极关系与以下因素相关：(a) 儿童与父亲的接触；(b) 母子关系的质量；(c) 母亲与其前任伴侣的接触频率。儿童与父亲之间的冲突与儿童与母亲以及儿童与继父之间的冲突相关。儿童与非共同居住父亲的接触和关系在两年间保持稳定，且与儿童的适应情况相关；对于单亲家庭的儿童而言，这些关联比有继父家庭的儿童更强，对于母亲少女时期首次怀孕的儿童也是如此。
儿童与非共同居住父亲关系的质量与其适应情况之间的关联需要在更大的家庭系统框架内加以考虑；父子关系对“高风险”家庭的儿童尤为重要。
