Kawamiya Nobuo
School of Economics, Chukyo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Riv Biol. 2003 Sep-Dec;96(3):399-431.
Imanishi's "mental" (cerebral) view of speciation is presented, in Mizuhata's revision. The key concept here is the "ethological partition" of the species. Members of each species=society (etho-species) share the same mental (brain) software, irrespective of their genetic structure. Cerebral animals perform active programmed selection, not to be confused with passive, non-programmed "natural selection" as in Neo-Darwinism. The program includes mating-choice of peculiar characters, distinct from the Neo-Darwinian sexual selection supposed due to the specific choosy genes. Speciation can occur, as a "partition of species=society", with bifurcation of mate-choosing program in the parent species. A main promoter for this bifurcation is species-specific "passion" for especially significant characters: long necks, ornamental antlers, ocelli feathers, bright nuptial colors etc. The cichlids in Lake Victoria achieved explosive speciation, while retaining their genetic homogeneity completely. Therefore it is illogical to attribute this divergence to extraordinary mutations in "action controlling genes". The origin of species=society (etho-species) can trace along to the Cambrian Period.
在水畑的修订版中呈现了今西关于物种形成的“心理”（大脑）观点。这里的关键概念是物种的“行为划分”。每个物种社会（行为物种）的成员共享相同的心理（大脑）软件，无论其基因结构如何。大脑动物进行主动的程序选择，这不应与新达尔文主义中被动的、非程序化的“自然选择”相混淆。该程序包括对特殊特征的配偶选择，这与新达尔文主义中假定的由于特定选择基因导致的性选择不同。物种形成可以作为“物种社会的划分”发生，伴随着亲代物种中配偶选择程序的分歧。这种分歧的一个主要推动者是对特别显著特征的物种特异性“偏好”：长脖子、装饰性鹿角、眼状羽毛、鲜艳的婚羽等。维多利亚湖的丽鱼科鱼实现了爆发性物种形成，同时完全保持了它们的基因同质性。因此，将这种分化归因于“行为控制基因”中的异常突变是不合逻辑的。物种社会（行为物种）的起源可以追溯到寒武纪时期。
